Nonmetals Sulfur Opposite properties of metals Not shiny Poor conductors Mostly gases (at room temperature) Solids are brittle Sulfur

Reactivity of Nonmetals Low Low High Nonmetals will usually gain or share electrons when they react with other elements

Carbon Family Group 14 Can gain, lose, or share 4 electrons when reacting with other elements. Carbon is the only nonmetal All living things have carbon atoms Other examples: coal, gasoline, diamonds  Carbon

Nitrogen Family Group 15 Only 2 nonmetals – nitrogen and phosphorus 80% of the atmosphere (air) is nitrogen Always found in groups of two Diatomic molecule Pure nitrogen in a glass vile 

Oxygen Family Group 16 Gain or share 2 electrons when reacting with other elements Oxygen can be a diatomic (air) or triatomic molecule (ozone) Sulfur – used to make rubber, tires, and sulfuric acid Pure sulfur 

Halogen Family Carbon and flourine make nonstick coating on pans Group 17 “Halogen” means “salt forming” Very reactive and dangerous in pure form Gain or share 1 electron when reacting with other elements Examples: Carbon and flourine make nonstick coating on pans Flourine is put in water to prevent tooth decay Pure iodine evaporating to a purple gas 

Noble Gases Group 18 Unreactive, do not lose, gain, or share electrons Found in the atmosphere Example: Helium, neon lights Neon in its pure form 

Hydrogen – No Family Doesn’t belong to any family Properties differ from other elements Makes up 90% of the atoms in the universe Makes up only 1% of Earth’s crust Hard to find in its pure form on Earth Orion Nebula – 80% Hydrogen 

Metalloids Inbetween metals and nonmetals Solids (at room temp) Brittle and hard Semiconductors – can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others. Very important for computer chips Example: Silicon – found in sand and glass Pure silicon

Assignment At-Home Activity on p. 135 - Read the directions and clues on p. 135 carefully. Write down five examples you find and describe the properties of halogens also in a few sentences. 5 Examples of Halogens Toothpaste – Flouride Properties of Halogens Halogens have several properties….