How Should the Government be Run? The 1 st Political Parties of the United States.

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How Should the Government be Run? The 1 st Political Parties of the United States

George Washington Said... “The common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the interest of a wise people to discourage and restrain it. It serves always to distract the public counsels and enfeeble the public administration. It agitates the community with ill founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasional riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption...” Farewell Address 1800

Entering the RingEntering the Ring Alexander Hamilton  Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury Thomas Jefferson  Washington’s Secretary of State

Federal or StateFederal or State Federalists  So named because they supported a stronger National government rather that strong state governments. They believed the national government should make more laws governing the states and the people as well as using tax money to invest in a stronger country  Washington, Adams, and Hamilton are the leading Federalists Democratic-Republicans  This party supported stronger state governments that had more control over money and laws for the benefit of their own states and people  Jefferson, Madison, and Burr were leading Dem.- Republicans

France or EnglandFrance or England Federalists  England  The French Revolution was getting too bloody and the mobs were getting out of control  America shares more kindred ties with people in England as well as a common cultural bond Democratic-Republicans  France  The supported America during their revolution and were now facing the same problems the Colonists had been up against with England

The BankThe Bank The Federalists  This issue mainly revolved around the interpretation of the Constitution  Federalists favored a loose interpretation of the Constitution meaning they could implement laws that were necessary and proper for the running of the country The Democratic- Republicans  Dem-Reps favored a strict interpretation of the Constitution—meaning the government could only do what the Constitution said it could do and no more  Critics of T. Jefferson said the Louisiana Purchase would never had been made if he truly held to that philosophy

The EconomyThe Economy Federalists  Assume all states’ war debt  National Bank to give loans to merchants to stimulate business and industry  Taxes on imported goods to encourage people to buy American Democratic-Republicans  Lower taxes, no tariffs  No National Bank that would advantage wealthy individuals  No assumption of state debt

The PeopleThe People FederalistsDemocratic-Republicans

Taxes Whiskey Excise Tax  Federalists said it would curb alcoholism and they needed the tax base-- Supported  Small farmers tended to be the backbone of the Dem- Reps. So they were against this tax Protective Tariff  This was a tax on imported goods that the Federalists supported in order to boost American industries  Dem-Reps were against taxation on principle but this tax mainly hurt the small farmers of the West and South and enhanced the New England merchants and bankers

Thomas Jefferson wins two terms of office followed by his fellow Democratic-Republicans, James Madison for two terms and then James Monroe for two terms. The Democratic-Republican party shapes America for 24 years until John Quincy Adams becomes president. He served for only one term and is pestered by a political scandal in which Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but Adams won the electoral college.