BELLWORK What were the themes of Greek society? How were those incorporated into Greek culture? Explain the advances made in Greek drama. How did Greek.

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Presentation transcript:

BELLWORK What were the themes of Greek society? How were those incorporated into Greek culture? Explain the advances made in Greek drama. How did Greek philosophers change the way people thought? How did Greek history impact Modern America? Why did Sparta and Athens distrust each other? THINKER: Why do you think the Greeks were threatened by the Persians?

Greek Civilization Greeks are most known for their contribution to modern society. Including classical art, architecture, drama, philosophy, history, science, and the Olympic games.

Visual Arts

Greek Drama

The Olympics

Philosophers Aristotle Socrates Plato

Historians

Science

Conflict in Ancient Greece Persian Wars Peloponnesian War

Persian Empire – 539 BC

The Persian Wars In 490 BC, Persian forces (led by Darius I) landed near Athens. The outnumbered Greeks staged a surprise attack and defeated the Persians! In 480B.C., the Persians returned to Greece (now led by Xerxes I) 7,000 Greeks (Spartans/Athenians) vs. 100,000 Persians Greek navy destroyed the entire Persian fleet. The Persians responded with a sneak attack on the remaining 300 Spartan warriors – Battle of Thermopylae

BELLWORK (Block 1) Explain the role of the following men in the Persian Wars: Darius I, Xerxes I, Leonidas & Themistocles. The Persian Empire was the largest of its day. Its borders stretched between which two rivers? Why did Sparta and Athens (traditional enemies) decide to fight together in the Persian Wars? How did the geography of Thermopylae help the Greek army? Describe the military training of Spartan boys.

Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae Thermopylae ("hot gates") was a pass the Greeks tried to defend Spartan King Leonidas was in charge of the Greek forces. He had three goals: Restrain & delay the strong Persian Army Keep them from attacking the Greek navy (under Athenian control - Themistocles) Block them long enough so they would be forced to sail back for food, water & supplies

Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae A Persian-sympathizer & traitor named Ephialtes led the Persians around the pass showing them where to attack from behind. Expecting defeat, Leonidas sent away most of his troops. The remaining 300 Spartan warriors fought the Persians & blocked the pass long enough so the rest of the Greek army could escape. All 300 warriors were killed - Greece accepted defeat After their victory, the Persians marched to Athens and burned it to the ground (already been evacuated) The Greeks would defeat Persia and re-capture Athens a year later, in 479 B.C.

The Last Stand of the 300 For the rest of class, you will be watching a video on the last stand of the 300 at the Battle of Thermopylae. Answer the questions on the worksheet Pay attention! This information will be included on the unit test

BELLWORK (Block 2) Read pgs. 60-61 and answer the following questions: Why did Persian forces want to punish the Greeks? After the Persian Wars, what happened to Sparta and Athens? Explain the two sides of the Peloponnesian War. What were their advantages? Who won the Peloponnesian War? Why? List three reasons! How did the Peloponnesian War effect the Greek city-states and eventual decline? THINKER: Why would Leonidas, already expecting defeat at Thermopylae, send his army away but keep his strongest 300 soldiers to fight?

The Peloponnesian War War between Sparta and Athens that lasted from 431BC to 404BC. Sparta allied with the Persians A plague struck Athens and killed 1/3 of their population Persian-financed Spartan navy destroyed Athens fleet. Athenians surrendered

BELLWORK Explain the role of the following men in the Persian Wars: Darius I, Xerxes I, Leonidas & Themistocles. The Persian Empire was the largest of its day. Its borders stretched between which two rivers? Why did Sparta and Athens (traditional enemies) decide to fight together in the Persian Wars? How did the geography of Thermopylae help the Greek army? Describe the military training of Spartan boys. THINKER: Why would Leonidas, already expecting defeat at Thermopylae, send his army away but keep his strongest 300 soldiers to fight?