The Respiratory System In this lesson, you will Learn About… The parts of the respiratory system. How the breathing process works. Illnesses that can damage the respiratory system.

The Respiratory System The Vocabulary terms in this lesson are: Respiratory system. Trachea. Bronchi. Diaphragm. Click each term to display its definition.

Oxygen for Life Your body cannot survive without the oxygen you take in every time you take a breath. The respiratory system is a set of organs that supplies the body with oxygen and rids the body of carbon dioxide.

Parts of the Respiratory System Nose/Mouth Passages for air; nose lined with cilia (tiny hairlike projections) Epiglottis Flap of tissue in back of mouth that covers the trachea to prevent food from entering it Bronchi Two tubes that branch from the trachea; one tube leads to each lung Trachea Tube in throat that takes air to and from lungs. Also called the windpipe The cilia in the nose are tiny hairlike projections that trap dirt and particles from the air. The trachea is also called the windpipe. Lungs Two large organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide Diaphragm Large dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that expands and relaxes to produce breathing

How Breathing Works Breathing consists of three main stages: When you inhale, you take air into your lungs. Inside the lungs, oxygen from the air enters the bloodstream and replaces the carbon dioxide that must leave your body. When you exhale, you breathe out the carbon dioxide. Visit the following link to provide students with more information on respiration. http://www.glencoe.com/sec/health/cgi-bin/splitwindow.cgi?top=top.html&link=http://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/

The Breathing Process 3 Exhaling 1 Inhaling 2 Inside the Lungs The bronchi divide into smaller passages called bronchioles. Air passes through the bronchioles into the alveoli, which are surrounded by capillaries. Here the oxygen in the air moves into your bloodstream, and carbon dioxide from the blood enters the alveoli. Your diaphragm moves down and your rib cage expands, creating more room in your chest. This causes air to rush into your body. The air enters through the nose or mouth, then moves past the epiglottis and into the trachea and bronchi. 2 Inside the Lungs Bronchiole Alveoli Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Capillaries Your diaphragm pushes up, and your ribs move in and down, forcing air out of your lungs. The air, now containing carbon dioxide, moves back through the bronchioles and bronchi, up the trachea, and out through the nose or mouth.

Problems of the Respiratory System The following factors can easily damage the many complex parts of the respiratory system: Germs Tobacco smoke Inhaled chemicals Environmental pollution

Problems of the Respiratory System (cont’d.) Disease or Disorder Description Treatment Diseases caused by viruses; symptoms include runny nose, cough, fever, aches Bed rest and fluids; vaccines can prevent some types of flu Cold/Flu Bacterial or viral disease that affects the lungs; symptoms include fever, chest pain, breathing difficulty Pneumonia Antibiotics for bacterial type; bed rest for viral type Asthma Disease in which airways narrow; symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing Medication to relieve symptoms; avoiding activities or substances that trigger attacks

Problems of the Respiratory System (cont’d.) Disease or Disorder Description Treatment Bacterial disease that affects the lungs; symptoms include cough, fatigue; can be fatal Antibiotics Tuberculosis Emphysema Disease in which alveoli harden and disintegrate; symptoms include extreme difficulty breathing; almost entirely caused by smoking No known cure; pure oxygen can make breathing easier Uncontrolled growth of cells that produce abnormally in lungs; often caused by smoking Surgery, radiation, and medication; Survival rates are very low Lung Cancer

Caring for Your Respiratory System Here are some simple tips to care for your respiratory system: Do not smoke. Avoid people and situations that would expose you to tobacco smoke in the air. Take care of your body when you have cold, flu, or any other respiratory illness. When a person who has a cold sneezes, the discharge is full of live viruses which can live for as long as 3 hours on surfaces & skin. You can inhale the viruses without realizing it. So, if you touch the skin of a person who has a cold or another surface that they have touched, then the viruses can be transmitted to your own nose if you touch your face. http://tinyurl.com/497erf http://tinyurl.com/n6n4lh6

Reviewing Terms and Facts The _______________ is a set of organs that supplies your body with oxygen and rids your body of carbon dioxide. respiratory system Click to show the correct answer.

Reviewing Terms and Facts List the parts of the respiratory system through which air passes when you inhale. Nose/Mouth Trachea Bronchi Lungs Click to show the correct answer.

Thinking Critically How do cilia and the epiglottis protect the respiratory system? Cilia trap dirt and particles from the air and prevent them from entering the respiratory system. The epiglottis covers the trachea to prevent food from entering it. Click to show the correct answer.

Vocabulary Review The respiratory system is a set of organs that supplies the body with oxygen and rids the body of carbon dioxide. Click the slide to go back to the Vocabulary Review home page.

Vocabulary Review The trachea is a tube in the throat that takes air to and from lungs. Click the slide to go back to the Vocabulary Review home page.

Vocabulary Review The bronchi are two tubes that branch from the trachea; one tube leads to each lung. Click the slide to go back to the Vocabulary Review home page.

Vocabulary Review The diaphragm is a large dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that expands and relaxes to produce breathing. Click the slide to go back to the Vocabulary Review home page.