Grammar Practice: Participial Adjectives (-ing v. –ed adjectives) By Kristi Reyes MiraCosta College

What are adjectives? Words that describe nouns What are nouns? P T C L

Many verbs of emotion have –ing and –ed adjective forms What are some verbs of emotion? Sample verbs of emotion: amuse irritate comfort fascinate puzzle satisfy annoy surprise depress bewilder excite frustrate bother bore tire interest aggravate amaze captivate confuse shock intrigue disappoint exhaust

These verbs can be changed to adjectives by changing the spelling Amaze (verb: You amaze me!) Amazing (adjective: These students are amazing!) Amazed (adjective: I am amazed by the students in this class!) Interest (verb: Computers interest her.) Interesting (adjective: Computers are interesting for her). Interested (adjective: She is interested in computers)

What’s the difference between the –ing and –ed adjective forms? Verb + ing = adjective to describe a thing or things that cause the emotion The comic movie was amusing! Verb + ed = adjective to describe a person or animal that experiences an emotion, feeling, or reaction; an experiencer’s emotion I was really amused by the movie.

Other helpful hints: Sentences often use the word "by" with adjectives ending in ED. Greg was challenged by his math homework. Sentences often use the word "to" or “for” with adjectives ending in ING. Greg’s math homework was challenging to him.

Practice …

surprise

Was the girl surprising or surprised Was the girl surprising or surprised? surprised Was the party surprising or surprised? surprising

exhaust

Was the man exhausting or exhausted Was the man exhausting or exhausted? Exhausted Was the marathon exhausting or exhausted? exhausting

bore

Was the man boring or bored. Boring Was the audience boring or bored Was the man boring or bored? Boring Was the audience boring or bored? bored

irritate

Is a back seat driver irritating or irritated Is a back seat driver irritating or irritated? Irritating Is the driver irritating or irritated? irritated

satisfy

How does the girl feel. Satisfying or satisfied How does the girl feel? Satisfying or satisfied? Satisfied How is the food? Satisfying or satisfied? satisfying

frustrate

Is the man frustrating or frustrated Is the man frustrating or frustrated? Frustrated Are computers frustrating or frustrated? frustrating

shock

Is the woman shocked or shocking Is the woman shocked or shocking? Shocked Is the news shocked or shocking? shocking

embarrass

Is being scolded embarrassing or embarrassed Is being scolded embarrassing or embarrassed? Embarrassing How does the boy feel? Embarrassing or embarrassed? embarrassed

interest

The class is interesting or interested The class is interesting or interested? Interesting The student is interesting or interested in the class? interested

excite

Is this excited or exciting. Exciting Are they excited or exciting Is this excited or exciting? Exciting Are they excited or exciting? Excited

annoy

Is the woman annoying or annoyed Is the woman annoying or annoyed? Annoyed Is the man’s action annoying or annoyed for the woman? annoying

disappoint

The runner lost the race. Is that disappointing or disappointed The runner lost the race. Is that disappointing or disappointed? Disappointing How does the second place runner feel? Disappointing or disappointed? disappointed

Your turn!

Spelling Rules For verbs that become adjectives by adding + ing Usually just add + ing Annoy Satisfy Depress 2. Final e, - e + ing Amaze Irritate Bore

Spelling Rules For verbs that become adjectives by adding + ed Usually just add + ed Interest Disappoint Exhaust 2. Final e, - e + ed Tire Irritate Excite 3.Final consonant + y - y +ied Terrify Satisfy Annoy?

Questions?

More Practice Choose the correct form -ing v. -ed Quiz 1