VIOLENCE PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION PROGRAM (VPIP) Walker 3-41 Phone: Green Dot Bystander Training

Introduction from Presenters Dr. Pamela Saulsberry Head, Department of Social Work Co-Director of VPIP Dr. Robert Hanser Head, Department of Criminal Justice Co-Director of VPIP

I long to accomplish a great and noble task, but it is my chief duty to accomplish humble tasks as though they were great and noble. The world is moved along, not only by the mighty shoves of its heroes, but also by the aggregate of the tiny pushes of each honest worker. -Helen Keller

GREEN DOT SUMMARY (See Handouts 1 & 2) 1.What’s with the Green Dot? 2.Justification 3.Scientific Basis 4.Social Diffusion Theory 5.Bystander Literature 6.Branding Research 7.Application to Violence Prevention

How much do you believe we can actually, measurably reduce the number of victims of power-based personal violence? 1.I am positively certain 2.I am fairly certain 3.I am doubtful, but hopeful 4.I don’t think we can, but we should try anyway

Any sexual contact that lacks consent and/or capacity to give consent.

physical, sexual, or psychological harm, or threat of harm, by a current or former partner. Enter your own statistics here

course of conduct targeted at an individual or group that would cause a reasonable person to feel afraid (following, facebooking, texting, calling, unwanted letters, gifts, etc.) Enter your own statistics here

Have you had an act of power based personal violence committed against you? 1.Yes 2.No

Do you know someone who has had an act of power based personal violence committed against them? 1.Yes 2.No

If you know someone who has had an act of power-based personal violence committed against them, was there ever a bystander who could have attempted to stop the violence? 1.Yes 2.No

Have you ever directly observed a red-dot moment? 1.Yes, on campus 2.Yes, off campus 3.Yes, both on and off campus 4.no

5 REASONS WE MAY NOT INTERFERE Diffusion of Responsibility: More likely to help if you are by yourself; less likely to help when more people are around.

5 REASONS WE MAY NOT INTERFERE Evaluation Apprehension: Risk of embarrassment if the situation turns out to NOT be an emergency.

5 REASONS WE MAY NOT INTERFERE Pluralistic Ignorance: If we are not sure the situation is an emergency, we will look at others. If they do not act concerned, we presume there is no emergency.

5 REASONS WE MAY NOT INTERFERE Cause of Misfortune: This is victim- blaming. If we believe that the person being harmed put themselves in the vulnerable position, we believe that it is their fault for the misfortune that happens to them.

5 REASONS WE MAY NOT INTERFERE Helping Model: If there is nobody around to model behaviors of assistance, we are less likely to know what to do. On the other hand, if others do so, we are more likely to aid and assist.

GREEN DOT RECOGNIZE SELF DEFINING MOMENT

Understanding Offender Behaviors that: 1)are potential high risk 2)could be pre-cursors to high risk

✔ Listen as a bystander ✔ Connected to recipient or offender or both

 Higher levels of gratuitous violence  Bystander safety is paramount  More likely to use a weapon STRANGERS

Unwanted phone calls (home, work, cell) Using friends or family to get info Tracking Unwanted gifts Monitoring s, texts, phone calls, etc Electronic monitoring (GPS, etc) Showing up everywhere

Have you ever seen these types of behaviors exhibited in a way that was concerning for you or someone you cared about? 1. Yes 2. No

Stalking Behaviors within a Relationship Normal Behaviors within a Relationship Texting a zillion times each day Showing up where the person is Tracking status on Facebook Calling someone all the time Giving gifts

 Take a second look  Check in  What if it were someone I loved?

✔ Connected to recipient or offender or both ✔ Listen as a bystander

PHYSICAL ABUSE Shoving Punching Slapping Pinching Hitting As a bystander, look for: Kicking Hair pulling Strangling Restraining

SEXUAL ABUSE Unwanted touching or kissing Forcing to have sex Not allowing birth control Forcing to do other sexual things As a bystander, look for:

Have you ever seen these types of behaviors exhibited from someone dating someone you knew or cared about? 1. Yes 2. No

Partner Violence BehaviorsNormal Behaviors within a Relationship Feeling jealous and possessive Wanting to be with the person all the time Wanting to be with the person all the time Spending less time with friends and family Spending less time with friends and family Checking in frequently to see where partner is

 Take a second look  Check in  What if it were someone I loved?

✔ Listen as a bystander ✔ Connected to recipient or offender or both

Target Selection Separation Consenting or Pressured Sex Approach and Evaluation- younger, drunk, easily controlled builds trust, “nice guy,” fills drink, tests questions, isolates from friends, guilt aggressive, guilt, manipulative

Concerning Behaviors that could lead to Sexual Assault Normal Behaviors within a Consensual Hookup Identifies someone they think they can score with Turns on the charm and tries to get the person to like them Buys the person a few drinks Uses some cheesy line like, “your place or mine?” They have sex

Intimidation Sexual Violation Termination increased aggression, force, no longer “nice guy” aggression, self absorbed ensure no consequences, “nice guy,” blame, threaten

Alcohol…offenders best friend Ability to resist is reduced Less likely to report Moves blame from offender to victim Termination

Concerning Behaviors that could lead to Sexual Assault Normal Behaviors within a Consensual Hookup Identifies someone they think they can score with Turns on the charm and tries to get the person to like them Buys the person a few drinks Uses some cheesy line like, “your place or mine?” They have sex

 Take a second look  Check in  What if it were someone I loved?

Have you ever been in a situation (PBPV or not) when you needed a bystander to help, but they did not? 1.Yes 2.No

“The important thing is this: To be able at any moment to sacrifice what we are for what we could become.” - Charles DeBois

 Bystander Dynamics  Peer Influence  Personal

 Bystander Dynamics

Diffusion of Responsibility Evaluation Apprehension Pluralistic Ignorance Cause of Misfortune Helping Model

 Bystander Dynamics  Peer Influence  Personal

“To go against the dominant thinking of your friends, of most of the people you see everyday, is perhaps the most difficult act of heroism you can perform. - Theodore H. White

 Bystander Dynamics  Peer Influence  Personal

“I’m an introvert” “I can’t stand conflict” “I’m shy” “I hate calling attention to myself” “It’s not my concern” “I don’t want to get involved”

You gain strength, courage, and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You must do the thing which you think you cannot do. -Eleanor Roosevelt

Which of these bystander obstacles might keep you from acting? 1.There are other people around who will probably act so I don’t have to. 2.Don’t want to be embarrassed 3.No one else is doing anything 4.The victim looks like they “had it coming.” 5.My friends would give me a hard time if I did anything 6.My personality traits make it hard (I’m shy, hate conflict, etc.) 7.It’s not my concern and I don’t want to get involved.

3 categories of green dots: Direct Distract Delegate

Who we are is what we do…

It is common sense to take a method and try it. If it fails, admit it frankly and try another. But above all, try something. -Franklin D. Roosevelt

Closer to situation Fewer people around More imminent the violence

To sin by silence when they should protest makes cowards of (us all). -Abraham Lincoln

Violence will not be tolerated Everyone is expected to do their part

“No one has to do everything, but everyone has to do something”

Scenario 1 play PART TWO APPLICATION EXERCISES

Scenario 1 play DO PAGES 8 – 11 IN HANDBOOK. (Assign to Groups)

GROUP EXERCISE 1: You are at a party and you see a girl who is obviously intoxicated, being pulled up the stairs toward the designated room. Given your obstacles, what are you most likely to do? 1.Distract: Go to the guy and tell him you have had too much to drink and are about to puke and that he needs to take you to the bathroom. 2.Direct: Go up to the guy and ask him what he is doing. 3.Direct: Go up to the girl and tell her you want to talk to her in private. 4.Delegate: Tell the girl’s friend and suggest that she go get her

GROUP EXERCISE 2: You and your date are at the movies. As you are moving up the line at the concession area, you see a couple arguing loudly. One of them is grabbing the other firmly by the arm and starts yelling at them through gritted teeth. Given your obstacles, what are you most likely to do? 1.Distraction: Talk loudly on your cell phone near the couple while looking in the direction of the couple. 2.Direct: Tell the person to let go of their partner’s arm and that they need to cool off for a minute. 3.Direct: Check in with the person whose arm is being grabbed and ask if they are ok. 4.Delegate: Tell the guy behind the register at the concession area to find security.

GROUP EXERCISE 3: You notice someone slipping a drug into someone’s drink at a bar. Given your obstacles, what are you most likely to do? 1.Direct: You confront the person who slipped the drug, “I saw you do that, and I’m going to call the cops.” 2.Direct: You tell the person whose drink was drugged. 3.Distract: You “accidently” spill the drink. 4.Delegate: You let the bartender know what you saw and ask him/her to do something

GROUP EXERCISE 4: You are walking into your dorm/apartment and you see a couple you know standing nearby. One of them is becoming increasingly angry and aggressive toward the other. Given your obstacles, what are you most likely to do? 1.Direct: Approach them and explain to the aggressor that what s/he is doing is not appropriate and you will call the police if they don’t stop. 2.Delegate: Get a few friends to go out and see what’s up. 3.Distract: Approach them and strike up a conversation.

Scenario 1 play REVIEW PAGES 18 – 22 IN HANDBOOK. (Read with Groups and Discuss)

Scenario 1 play DO EXERCISES IN PAGES 23 – 27 OF HANDBOOK. (Assign to Groups)

YOU HAVE FINISHED BOTH THE CONTENT AND APPLICATION BASED COMPONENTS OF THIS TRAINING. CONGRATULATIONS! Now, what is next?