INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SHELLFISH RESTORATION November 19 – 22, 2008 Charleston, SC Shellfish Management in Washington State Dan Barth, Seattle Shellfish LLC

Shellfish Management in Washington State

Fish and Shellfish Management in Washington State Native and Non Native Co-management State: Department of Fish and Wildlife Tribes: Tribal Councils, Natural Resource/Fishery Managers Private: Shellfish Growers, Commercial Fisherman, Recreational users

North American Indian Lands

Some Native American Nations, Tribes, Bands and People Crow, Seminole, Blackfoot, Pequot, Mandan, Duwamish, Chiricahua Apache, Santee Sioux, Yankton Sioux, Brule Sioux, Oglala Sioux, Kiowa, Nez Perce, Hunkpapa Sioux, Ponca, Cupa, Apache, Navajo, Hopi, Havisupi, Zuni, Husulia, Mohogeans Salish Peoples, Sauk, Cherokee, Oawnee, Pottawatomie, Cree, Wayandoit Choctaw, Omaha Seneca, Ottawa Delaware, Naudowessie, Ojibwa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Cayuga, Onondga, Oneida, Wampanoag, Narraganset, Massachuset, Powhatan, Timucua, and far too many more to mention here. Crow, Seminole, Blackfoot, Pequot, Mandan, Duwamish, Chiricahua Apache, Santee Sioux, Yankton Sioux, Brule Sioux, Oglala Sioux, Kiowa, Nez Perce, Hunkpapa Sioux, Ponca, Cupa, Apache, Navajo, Hopi, Havisupi, Zuni, Husulia, Mohogeans Salish Peoples, Sauk, Cherokee, Oawnee, Pottawatomie, Cree, Wayandoit Choctaw, Omaha Seneca, Ottawa Delaware, Naudowessie, Ojibwa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Cayuga, Onondga, Oneida, Wampanoag, Narraganset, Massachuset, Powhatan, Timucua, and far too many more to mention here.

Well Known Native Americans

Western Migration in America

Tribes in Washington State

Puget Sound Indian Treaties Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens Indian Chiefs and Leaders Medicine Creek 1854 Medicine Creek 1854 Neah Bay 1855 Neah Bay 1855 Point Elliott 1855 Point Elliott 1855 Point Non Point 1855 Point Non Point 1855 Olympia 1856 Olympia 1856

Medicine Creek Treaty Article 5. The right of taking fish at usual and accustomed grounds and stations is further secured to said Indians in common with all citizens of the Territory. Features of the policy outlined by Gov. Stevens: 1 To concentrate the Indians upon a few reservations, and encourage then to cultivate the soil and adopt settled and civilized habits. 2 To pay for their lands not in money, but in annuities of blankets, clothing and useful articles during a long term of years. 3 To furnish them with schools, teachers, farmers and implements, blacksmiths, and carpenter, with shops of those trades. 4 To prohibit wars and disputes among them. 5 To abolish slavery. 6 To stop as far as possible the use of liquor. 7 As the change from savage to civilized habits must necessarily be gradual, they were to retain the right of fishing at their accustomed fishing places, and of hunting, gathering berries and roots and pasturing stock on unoccupied land as long as it remained vacant.

Judicial Review and Adjudication Boldt Decision 1974 (14 Tribes) Boldt Decision 1974 (14 Tribes) This decision upheld the Tribes treaty reserved right to half of the harvestable fish (finfish) in the State and established them as co-managers of the resource. This decision upheld the Tribes treaty reserved right to half of the harvestable fish (finfish) in the State and established them as co-managers of the resource. Rafeedie Decision 1994 (17 Tribes) Rafeedie Decision 1994 (17 Tribes) This decision upheld the Tribes treaty reserved right to half of the harvestable shellfish in the intertidal waters and established them as co- managers of the resource in Washington State. This decision upheld the Tribes treaty reserved right to half of the harvestable shellfish in the intertidal waters and established them as co- managers of the resource in Washington State. Settlement Agreement and Accord 2007 Settlement Agreement and Accord 2007

Pacific Salmon and Steelhead

Shellfish in Washington State

2007 Settlement Agreement and Accord between the Tribes and commercial shellfish growers: Key pieces of the agreement: 1 The Tribes will forgo their treaty right to harvest an estimated $2 million worth of naturally occurring shellfish annually from commercial growers’ beds. 2 Growers will provide, over 10 years, $500,000 worth of shellfish enhancement on public tidelands of the state’s choosing. 3 A $33 million trust is established for the 17 treaty tribes to acquire and enhance other tidelands to which they have exclusive access.

Native American Influences Legends and stories Legends and stories Place names Place names Animal names Animal names Music Music Art Art Totems Totems

Shellfish Resources in Washington State Thank You Dan Barth 115 Grimes Road Centralia, WA localaccess.com