1. Native Americans

2. Native American groups expanded all the way down to Central America
Present day Mexico was known as “Mesoamerica”
Large Civilizations
Maya, Aztec, and Incas (South America)
Present day US did not have large civilizations
Spread out
Diverse lifestyles
Native Americans in North America were organized into regions based on where they lived

4. Native Tribes in the US
Communities were often large but most groups were diverse and spread out

6. Culture Tribal Units Chief or leader Connection with nature Spiritual
Multiple “Gods”
Men hunted and fished
Women tended to the crops and worked in the households
No written language
Did not believe in division of property
Commonality – relationship to land
Area of conflict with colonists

7. Culture Cont. Early societies: diverse, rich, sophisticated
Environment
Practiced medicine, art, irrigation
Plants and animals: eating, dyes, medicines
Buffalo
Astronomy
Crimes, laws, and punishments

8. The Northeast Iroquois Confederacy Iroquois v Algonquian Aggressive
Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas
Defense and war
Lived on rivers
Farming

9. Southeast Humid, fertile, agriculture region
Maize, beans, squash, tobacco
3 sister farming
Market villages – known as hamlets
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Seminoles, Choctaw, creek
5 Civilized tribes

10. The Northwest Coast Oceans and rivers Built permanent villages
Salmon
Fish
Built permanent villages
Status= closeness to the village’s chief
Possessions showed social status
Blankets, shells, skins, canoes
Athabaskan Haida, Tlingit, Penutain, Chinook, Tsimshian and Coos

11. The Plateau Small villages by rivers Fishing for salmon and trout
Gathered berries, roots, and nuts
Columbian exchange brought horses
Idaho, Montana, Eastern Oregon and Washington

12. The Southwest Arizona, New Mexico Parts of Colorado, Utah, and Texas
2 separate lifestyles
Sedentary farmers
Corn, beans, and sqush
Pueblos – stone
Hopi, Zuni, and Yuma
Nomadic
Hunting and gathering
Raiding other communities for their crops
Hogans – mud and bark
Navajo, Apache

13. The Plains Siouan, Cheyenne, Arapaho Settled Hunters and farmers
Later became nomadic
Hunters- teepees