Do Now  Come in quietly.  Sit down and take out 2 sheets of binder paper, a pen or pencil and eraser.  Put your study guide with your name on top in the middle of the table.  Be ready to do the essay portion of the test.  When you are finished, copy down today’s objective, standards, and do the warm up. After you complete that, you may start the homework.

Imperialism! Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonialism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology) Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule.

Warm Up: What do you think the word Imperialism means and where might have you been exposed to this word? Standard  Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonial­ ism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).  Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule. Objective  I will apply my knowledge of the Industrial Revolution to the Age of Imperialism in the form of a game called “Scramble for Africa”

Industrialism and Imperialism  Why do you think European countries wanted to expand?  What is the most important factor of industrialization?  What is the second most important factor?  Predict how these factor might play a role in imperialism!

Scramble for Africa!  Rules  Read your Goal cards and DO NOT let anyone else see your card.  Set the order who goes first (this is written on your goal card  Write your name using the expo marker for areas you claim.  You may overlap territories but you may also force them out of an area you really want. You may use military power, but you may only use this once!  Teacher will settle all disputes, keep disputed areas to the end  How do you win?  Meet your goal as best as you can.  Once the board has been settled, reveal your goals to each other to see if anyone met their goal.

Things to remember!  Copy down all your moves!  Follow your goal card!  Be smart what you choose!  Be good at Rock, Paper, Scissors  Don’t be bad at Rock, Paper, Scissors  Military force – you can kick 1 country out of a territory you want, but you have a limited amount.  Options: You can claim new territory, negotiate with another country and move borders, or go to war (military power or rock, paper, scissors.  Great Britain has a strong army = 1 Victory whenever going to war.  Portugal has a strong navy = 1 Victory for any coast or island during war  Great Britain was the first to industrialize – start with 2 colonies.  Great Britain has 4 “military powers”  France has 2 “military powers”  All other countries have 1 “military powers”

Warm Up: Look at your map and the map of what actually happened, how close were your maps? (number 5 on your handout!) Standard  Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonial­ ism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).  Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule. Objective  I will take the knowledge of the game and compare it to the what actually happened during the “Scramble For Africa”

Countries and Goals  Great Britain: Your goal will be to conquer as much of the African continent as possible.  France: Your goal will be to expand from the West African coast toward Central Africa because of the diamonds and gold.  Italy : Your goal will be to gain as many territories as possible.  Portugal - You want to control as many coastal territories as possible.  Spain – You want to have the regions in west, central and southern Africa because that is where you find the most natural resources.  Germany: Your goal will be to gain as many territories as possible and you want 1 west and 1 east colony.  Belgium: Place as many markers as you possibly can in the center of Africa, focusing on central Africa for the rubber.

The Scramble for Africa  Why did Europeans want to take Africa?  Source or raw materials  Market for their industrial products  By what means did they start to take over Africa?  Imperialism! – the seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country.

What was Africa Like before Europeans?  Civilization was divided into hundreds of different groups.  Some followed their original beliefs, while others converted to Islam or Christianity  Africa was able to keep Europeans out for 400 years till the 1880’s when Europeans only controlled 10% of Africa  Europeans could not navigate central Africa and could not handle their rivers.  Africans had their own trade networks which were not dependent on the Europeans  Who did make it to Africa?  Explorers, Missionaries and, Humanitarians who opposed the slave trade

The Congo? Why the Congo?  Henry Stanley, a reporter, went to look for a missing missionary, David Livingstone.  Eventually Stanley set off himself to explore the Congo River  Signed treaties with the locals and gave control to Belgium  King Leopold II of Belgium wanted to abolish slavery and promote Christianity  His other motive was to have the Africans extract rubber from the plants.  Because of the exploitations, Belgium takes the from Leopold  Starts the Scramble for Africa

What drove Imperialism?  Needed new markets to sell their goods to  Needed raw materials to improve their economies  Eurocentric Superiority  Europeans believed that they were better than every one else (nationalism – pride in one’s country) which lead to a competition of who could own the most

Now you took the land, how do you control the people?  Maxim Machine Gun  First automatic machine gun  Africa’s primitive weapons were no match  Steam Engine  Allowed the Europeans to travel up rivers more efficiently and control Africa (Steam Boat)  Railroads connected colonies together  Better Medicine  Malaria kept them on the coast, but with a drug (quinine), it protected them from contracting the disease  No unity among the tribes  Too many different languages and customs lead to many wars between different tribes.

Divide and Conquer!  Division of Africa begins in 1880  French expansion toward Western Sudan  Discovery diamonds and gold in South Africa lead to more interest  The Berlin Conference  Had a conference to prevent war between the 14 different nations trying to claim Africa  Rules – notify the others that you are claiming that area and being able to back up the claim  Did not care about those who already inhabited the area  After effects – only 2 countries (Ethiopia and Liberia) remained free

Check for Understanding! Q: What were the 2 main reasons the Europeans take over Africa? A: The Europeans needed new markets to sell their goods to and they also needed raw materials to improve their economies.

Europeans Miscalculate  Africans do not have much use for the European goods.  Europeans need the natural resources of Africa  Find a lot of minerals and elements (such as tin and copper)  Gold and Diamonds were among the riches Europeans went for  Develop cash crop plantations  Grow peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, and rubber  Kicked the Africans out who used the land to grow food for their families

The fight for South Africa!  The Africans, Dutch and the British all fight for the land and resources of South Africa  The Africans, lead by Shaka (from the Zulu tribe), were no match for the British and their advanced weapons  Were very close to defeating the British even with the use of only spears and shields.  Britain takes over in 1887  Dutch were the first to settle the Cape of Good Hope (the southern most tip of Africa)  Boers (Dutch for farmers) settled and took the African land for farming  Clashed with the British (when they took over) over land and slaves  Boers moved out of South Africa and eventually fought the Zulu when they moved up.

The Boer War!  Discovery of diamonds and gold lead to a rush to South Africa  Boers tried to keep people out and from gaining political power  Boers believe that the British tried to start an uprising against them and the Boers declared war on the British  Boers used guerilla tactics and raids while the British burned their farms and put their prisoners in concentration camps  Black South Africans fought on the side of the Boers to keep the British out.  Britain is victorious in 1910 and creates the Union of South Africa