Interactions in Ecosystems 5th Grade Science Chapter 5 Interactions in Ecosystems 5th Grade Science

What is an Ecosystem? ____________ - all living and non-living things in an area. An ecosystem is any place where _______ are found. ___________ - a group of organisms of one species that live in an area at the same time. Ex: a group of oak trees or an ant colony Ecosystem living Population

Community __________ - made up of all of the populations in an area. Members of a community depend on each other for ________, _________, and _____________. Non-living parts of an ecosystem include: -_________________ -__________________ Community food reproduction shelter air water soil temperature

Ecosystem Interactions Living and non-living things _______ in an ecosystem. Living things ________ on non-living things for survival. Each part of an ecosystem has a ______, a job or function that they perform. The whole system works to meet the needs of all of the parts. interact depend role

Populations in an Ecosystem ____________ can live and grow only where their needs can be met in the ecosystem. If the needs of the population are not met: The number of members will get _________ Some members might ________ away Some will not __________. Populations smaller move survive

Biomes __________________ - located near the equator and are warm all year long. Tropical Rainforests have more _________ than all other ________. Tropical Rainforest Species: _________ ____________ __________ Tropical Rainforest Biomes species biomes Kinkajou Basilisik Lizard orchids

Deciduous Forest Biomes Grow in cooler places that do not have large amounts of ____. ____________ - lose their leaves - oaks, elms, maples. Populations fluctuate due to _______, _________, __________. Why do trees lose their leaves in the winter? Why is overcrowding a problem in the forest? rain Deciduous Trees diseases overcrowding predators

Grassland Biomes ___________ - biomes covered with many types of grasses and few trees. ___________ grasses form ________ soils. _______ amount of rain Animals: _______, ________, _________ - eat the grasses that the prairie provides. ________ in the grasslands are wolves and bison grasslands decaying fertile small bison antelope Prairie dogs predators

Populations in the Grassland _________ when habitat changes - ______, ________, ________________ ____________________ - grasslands changed into farmlands. Prairie dogs decreased in numbers because their food source was taken away and they had less space to roam. ___________ - lightly populated in Northern States decrease climate enemies Water and food supply Declining population of wolves Gray wolves

Taiga Biome _________ biome that covers much of Canada and Russia in places that are cold and fairly dry. Most trees in the _____have needles – pines Needles are _______ that conduct photosynthesis and provide food for the tree. Needles have a ______coating that prevent water loss tree Animals – bears, elk, moose and wolves – fur to keep warm forest tiaga leaves waxy

Desert Biomes ______ - areas that receive less than 25 centimeters of rain or snow each year. Desert plants have large _________ close to the surface that allow them quickly take up water from rain. Animals – sleep during the day and look for food at night to avoid the high temperatures Largest deserts are found in ______ and ____ desert Root systems Africa SW Asia

Tundra Biome _______ biome with little _______. _____________ area of the world ___________ include the amount of water, food, and space or shelter that is availible to an organism. ______________ - the number of organisms that can live in a place ____________________ -short time of warm weather cold rain Most Northern Limiting Factors Carrying capacity Limiting factor in the tundra

Water Ecosystems ___________ Water ecosystems include animals that spend much of their time on land. Plants and animals are _________ to live in this environment. rivers Wetlands Coral Reefs The Deep Sea adapted

Wetlands ________ - partly covered with water or is flooded at least part of the year. _________ wetland has many different types of grasses – ex. Everglades _________ - wetland with many trees and bushes. __________ - places where rivers flow into oceans. Wetland sawgrass Swamp Estuaries

Benefits of Wetlands _________ - plants, soils, and microorganisms _________ - plants, soils, and microorganisms clean the water Provides _____ and ______ to many wetland species. filters Cleaners food shelter

Coral Reefs __________ grow in areas where there are not many nutrients – extra nutrients will help the enemies of coral to grow and harm the coral. Coral reefs _______ shore lines from ocean storms Coral reefs have provided ________ As corals grow and die, their ________ parts pile up to make the reefs Coral Reefs protect medicines skeletal

The Deep Sea The deep sea is ____, ____, and has very high ______________. ________ cannot reach these depths – no plants grow. Animals bodies are _______ to live under the crushing pressure of the water. cold dark Water pressure sunlight adapted

Competition Organisms in an ecosystem compete over: ________ An organisms that cannot compete may die or move away to get its needs met. space water light food mates

Competition cont’d Animals of the same species may compete with each other and with organisms of other species for resources. Plants compete for resources such as _______, ________, _________, and ________. _____________ - may outcompete ________ species for resources water space light nutrients Invasive species native

Symbiosis ___________ - a long term relationship between different species. In symbiosis, one of the species is always ________, the other species in the relationship is either _______, _________, or ____________. A symbiotic relationship where one species is harmed involves _______ - feed on other organisms - _______. Symbiosis helped helped harmed Not affected parasites host

Food chains and Food Webs Every organism needs _______ in order to live Energy moves through an ecosystem in ___________, ___________, or ____________ __________ - organisms that make their own food such as ________, __________, and other _____________. Producers get the energy that they need from the _______. energy Food chains Energy chains Food webs Producers plants protists microorganisms sun

Consumers ___________ - organisms that cannot make their own food All ________ are consumers ___________ - only eat plants ___________ - predators, eat only other animals called ______ __________ - eat plants and animals ___________ - eat waste or dead organisms consumers animals herbivores carnivores prey omnivores decomposers