ECONOMIC STATISTICS AND NATIONAL ACCOUNT IN ETHIOPIA By Sehin Merawi Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia

ECONOMIC STATISTICS IN ETHIOPIA Introduction CSA has’ Central authority’ for collection, compilation, analysis and dissemination of Official Statistics. The CSA is responsible for the Organizing & implementation of the population & housing Census,Economic & social statistics surveys

INTRODUCTION………Con. In Ethiopia most of the statistical data were produce by CSA, besides to CSA there are also other organization that produce Data. Some of them are: The ministry of finance and economic development caries out the work related to the compilation of national accounts. The national Bank of Ethiopia is the other organization responsible for compilation of annual balance of payment &money and banking statistics. For compilation of national accounts, the ministry of finance and economic development obtained Data from CSA & ministry of trade & industry, custom and agriculture & rural development

Organization of Economic Statistics in CSA Economic statistics leads three technical departments, namely: Natural resources & Agricultural statistics Industry, Trade & service statistics (Business statistics) and Household Budget, welfare monitoring & price statistics

Natural resources & Agricultural statistics Under this department CSA conducts different annually sample surveys. Such as:- –Agricultural Sample survey –Crop production forecasts for main and short rainy season by area, production and yield – Livestock statistics – Farm management practices and land utilization. –Commercial Farms

Industry, Trade & service statistics (Business statistics) Under this department CSA conduct different surveys. Such as:- Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industry Small Scale Manufacturing Industry Quarterly Manufacturing Business Survey Quarterly Producers Price Index (PPI - M) Distributive Trade statistics Construction statistics Informal sectors/cottage Mining & Queering Statistics

Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industry Large and medium scale manufacturing Industry is annual census survey The survey covers both public and private industries in all regions of the country now days there are 1930 establishments. To be L&M According to the Working Definition of CSA it should be: Power driven machine, Fixed location, Produce at least partially marketable product, Have head/led by an administrator/manager and Have 10 or more employees.

Small Scale Manufacturing Industry It is a sample survey. The sampling is based on area frame. The difference with Large and Medium Scale industry survey is that number of employees (less than 10 for small scale industry) and Small scale Industry survey is done nationwide every 3 – 5 years (so far done only 4 times, the recent survey was done on March 2009), now CSA plan to conduct this survey annually.

Quarterly Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Business Sample Survey Both public and private holding manufacturing industries of all regions were covered by this survey Quarterly Producers Price Index (PPI - M) PPI-M is conducted on quarterly bases. It is sample survey.The sample is based on large and Medium scale manufacturing industry survey of 2005.

Construction statistics and Cottage and Informal Construction statistics So far CSA conducted Construction survey for two times. Now we are conducting for the third time The previous surveys was not successful, because the non response coverage was so high. Cottage and Informal Cottage and Informal are conducted nationwide every 3- 5 years There was a Problem of overlapping when we conduct this survey separately and we are planning to conduct a survey as one in 2010/11.

Level of classification In Business statistics We are using ISIC rev. 3.1a at 4 digits level for:- Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industry Small Scale Manufacturing Industry Quarterly Manufacturing Business Survey Quarterly Producers Price Index (PPI - M) We are using ISIC rev. 4 for the following survey:- Distributive Trade statistics Construction statistics

PROBLEMS IN DATA COLLECTION, COMPILATION AND DISSEMINATION Major Problems in Data Collection of manufacturing survey It is time taking to fill a questionnaire because of its content and coverage for L&M which results a number of appointment dates to complete a single one, Indirect or direct refusal of respondents by providing partial or no information to the survey questions (unwillingness). Some enterprises try to hide their real income fearing higher taxes.

Problem of Compilation Because of the nature of the survey there is always a one year lag before data collection takes place (e.g. financial statements), quality checks whether all are filled according to the training given and based upon the financial statements if not need to verify where the cause of the problem and some times call or go back to the factory for further explanation and clarification, editing, coding and data cleaning will take some time before processing because of the existence of some errors when data collecting. Data entry and processing is done using CSPro software. Then after data processing will take place and summary tables will be produced. High variation in the results of the same ISIC group against previous yrs will be checked for consistency until accepted or justified.

Household Budget, welfare monitoring & price statistics The CSA conducts two types of price surveys, namely; Monthly Retail Price of Goods and Services Monthly Producers’ Prices of agricultural products Both are Sample survey And two types of price indices are published on monthly basis, namely; The Consumer Price Index (CPI) The Agricultural Products Producers’ Price Index (Ag-PPI)

Challenge on SNA produce by the ministry of finance and economic development Timeliness Frequency They need all level.ie all survey results. but CSA conduct the major one annually whereas like small scale and other conduct 3-4 years. So there is a gap. CSA and ministry of finance and economic development do not have close contact,so we can’t improve the limitation.

Future Plan CSA in the future need to compiled Business registration for all sectors. It helps to improve sampling frame for establishment survey. For the time being CSA use administration data from ministry of trade for large and medium scale manufacturing survey. This administration data contain some useful variables.

Thank You