What landforms and features are associated with the lower course of a river? LO: To investigate the main features in the lower course of the river.

True or False? 1. Infiltration is when leaves catch raindrops. 2. Surface runoff goes through soil. 3. An example of surface storage is a lake. 4. In the river system, evaporation is an output. 5. A smaller river joining a main river is called a watershed. 6. Freeze-thaw is a type of erosion. 7. In the lower course, the river is very wide and flat. 8. Attrition is where stones bash together. 9. Saltation is a type of erosion. 10. Hillsides that interlock with each other are called v-shaped valleys. 11. In the formation of a waterfall, the soft rock is on the top. 12. In a meander, the fastest current is on the outside. 13. A river cliff forms on the inside bend. 14. Deposition happens on the outside bend. 15. Most erosion happens in a meander on the outside bend.

True or False? 1. Infiltration is when leaves catch raindrops. F 2. Surface runoff goes through soil. F 3. An example of surface storage is a lake. T 4. In the river system, evaporation is an output. T 5. A smaller river joining a main river is called a watershed. F 6. Freeze-thaw is a type of erosion. F 7. In the lower course, the river is very wide and flat. T 8. Attrition is where stones bash together. T 9. Saltation is a type of erosion. F 10. Hillsides that interlock with each other are called v-shaped valleys. F 11. In the formation of a waterfall, the soft rock is on the top. F 12. In a meander, the fastest current is on the outside. T 13. A river cliff forms on the inside bend. F 14. Deposition happens on the outside bend. F 15. Most erosion happens in a meander on the outside bend. T

Learning Outcomes Students MUST be able to identify the landforms found in the lower section of a river. Students SHOULD be able to describe the landforms. Students COULD explain their formation, with the use of diagrams.

Where is the mouth of the River Tees?

The lower section of the River Tees The lower course of the River Tees is _________. There is a lot of __________ along it. There is also __________ on the northern bank. Here the river flows in a _________, wide channel. It flows __________ because there is much less friction. The load it carries is _________, and it carries it by suspension and solution. The sea comes up the river at the mouth. At low tide the edges are exposed. That leaves __________ at the sides of the river. Mudflats, Fast, Small, Flat, Industry, Marshland, Deep.

Floodplain - the area of land around a river channel which is formed during times of flood when the amount of water in a river exceeds its channel capacity and deposition of rich silt occurs. The rich silt is called alluvium. Levées - a raised river bank (can be natural features formed by deposition or artificial structures built to increase channel capacity and reduce flood risk)

A delta happens when a river has lots of load. When it reaches the sea the water flow slows down, so it drops its load. If the waves or currents aren’t too strong and the land doesn’t slope to steeply, the load builds up to make a delta. The sediment blocks the river so it has to divide up into lots of different channels called distributaries. Deltas can be different shapes, but the two main types are bird’s foot (Mississippi) and arcuate deltas (Nile).

The River Thames and the River Tees both have estuaries. An estuary is a wide, deep mouth. Estuaries are really useful for shipping, so they usually have ports and factories along them.

Stage 1: Research Get into groups of 6. Then divide yourselves into pairs. Give pair will be responsible for producing an information poster about one of the 3 topics… -Floodplains and levees -Estuaries -Deltas. You only have 15 minutes to do this. Remember the learning outcomes… -Students MUST be able to identify the landforms found in the lower section of a river. -Students SHOULD be able to describe the landforms. -Students COULD explain their formation, with the use of diagrams. RESOURCES: Page 72/72 of the Geog/GCSE textbook (A3 sheet), page 9 of revision book (A4 sheet), OCR textbook page 13.

Stage 2: Feedback to the rest of your group Identify the landform… Describe what the landform is…Explain how this is formed, using diagrams… Floodplain and levees Estuaries Deltas