ENGT 122 – CAD I CAD I – Outline & Chapter 1 – Intro to AutoCAD Chapter 2 – Getting Started with Auto-CAD

CAD I - Outline Chap 1 – Introduction to AutoCAD Chap 2 – Getting Started Chap 3 – Drawing Commands Chap 4 – Drawing Aids Chap 5 – Editing Commands Chap 6 – Editing with Grips Chap 7 – Creating Text Chap 14 – Hatching Chap 18 – Blocks

Outline Chapter 1 –Intro to AutoCAD Chapter 2 - Getting Started CAD Intro Starting and Stopping AutoCAD File Commands (Saving, Opening, Closing) Command input Methods Coordinates - Systems & Input Methods Drawing Simple Objects (Lines, Circles) Selection Methods & Modifying Objects (Erase, Undo, Move) Display Commands (Zoom, Pan) Basic Plotting Help System

What do you think CAD is?

What is CAD? CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design/Drafting. It involves inputting lines, arcs, dimensions, and text into an electronic database for engineering purposes and in compliance with specific industry standards. The ability to manipulate graphical data in many ways during and after completion of any job. There are many types of CAD systems and brand names, but you can break it down into 2D and 3D. In this Program we use AutoCAD 2012 for 2D and Inventor 2012 for 3D.

What do you think are the advantages of CAD over Mechanical Drafting?

CAD Advantages CAD software is more accurate. Lines are crisp and clean. Text is legible (usually). Erasures are undetectable. More productive. Repetitive operations can be performed with a single command. Symmetrical parts are easily replicated. Editing drawings is much easier. Drawing can be transferred electronically. Storage requirements are minimal. Drawing retrieval process is much easier. Data is reusable. What else?

What is AutoCAD? AutoCAD is an interactive general purpose CAD (Computer Aided Drafting) program. Developed in California in the early 1980’s by Autodesk Inc. Used in many disciplines: mechanical, civil, architectural, electrical, etc. Performs 2D drafting, 3D surfaces, and 3D solid modeling. Functionality is extremely comprehensive to suit various needs. Difficulty ranges from very easy to very complex, depending on user requirements. The world’s most popular PC-based design software. By knowing AutoCAD, you are more likely to get hired!

Starting AutoCAD 3 ways to start AutoCAD: Icon Starting AutoCAD 3 ways to start AutoCAD: Double-Click AutoCAD 2012 English icon on your desktop. Use the Start Menu – Start > All Programs > Autodesk > AutoCAD 2012-English > AutoCAD 2012-English Double-Click an AutoCAD .dwg file in Windows Explorer.

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Start AutoCAD Uncheck the Show this window at start up check box and close the AutoCAD Exchange window. Uncheck Close

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Switch the Status Bar from icons to text (right click on any status bar button and uncheck Use Icons) Toggle off all Status Bar buttons (should turn gray, not blue) Status Bar

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Type the command STARTUP at the command prompt and then press the Enter key. Enter a value of 2 and then press the Enter key.

Shutting Down AutoCAD To Exit AutoCAD If you intend to keep the drawing data be sure you SAVE before exiting! Exiting AutoCAD: From Application Menu Or click  in upper right corner. Or type EXIT at command prompt followed by [Enter]. To Exit AutoCAD

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Shut down AutoCAD without saving. Then restart AutoCAD. You should get the following screen, notify your instructor if yours looks different.

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Select the New file button, then select acad.dwt from the Select Template dialog box. Finally select Open. New

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup On the View Tab select User Interface and uncheck the ViewCube and Navigation Bar check boxes. View Tab Status Bar Uncheck these On the status bar toggle off the GRID button so it turns gray. Turn off Grid

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Select the Save button. Under Files of Type choose AutoCAD Drawing Template (*.dwt) Select the file named acad.dwt Select Save, then Close the acad.dwt file. Save

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Select the New file button, then select acadiso.dwt from the Select Template dialog box. Finally select Open. New

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup On the View Tab select User Interface and uncheck the ViewCube and Navigation Bar check boxes. View Tab Status Bar Uncheck these Verify the GRID button on the status bar is toggled off (gray). Turn off Grid

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Select the Save button. Under Files of Type choose AutoCAD Drawing Template (*.dwt) Select the file named acadiso.dwt Select Save, then close the file acadiso.dwt. Save

Starting a New File You can start a new file using the Application Menu > New or the New button on the Quick Access Toolbar. English units (feet, inch) Metric units (mm) To work in English units (feet or inches) choose acad.dwt from Select Template dialog box. To work in Metric units (millimeters) choose acadiso.dwt from Select Template dialog box.

Startup - Using a Template AutoCAD drawings are identified by a .dwg extension. When you save a drawing a .dwg extension is applied. However, when you start a new drawing, AutoCAD loads a template file with a .dwt extension. So What is a Template? Standardized file formats with preset internal variables. Provided by AutoCAD or created by user. Limits (drawing length & width) Text Height Dimension Scale Linetype Scale

Startup - Using a Template You can start a drawing using a standard AutoCAD template or a user defined template that you create. Your Drawing settings will match the defined template properties. AutoCAD Templates: Standardized formats provided with AutoCAD. Typically found in AutoCAD subfolder called Templates. User defined templates: Template file containing commonly used settings & objects. Use Browser to locate user template.

Startup – Using a Template Important: You must start with the correct template that corresponds with the units you intend to use. For Metric Units units = millimeters Template file = acadiso.dwt For Imperial/English Units units = feet and inches Template file = acad.dwt

Exercise: Start AutoCAD Start a drawing using English units (inch/feet). Exit AutoCAD. DO NOT save your drawing! Restart AutoCAD Start a drawing using Metric units (mm). Start a drawing using the following AutoCAD template: Tutorial-iarch.dwt

Saving Your Work! As you work on an AutoCAD drawing, all data for the drawing resides in RAM memory on the computer. If you close the AutoCAD session or some other misfortunate event occurs, ALL DATA WILL BE LOST! AND CANNOT BE RECOVERED! It’s enough to make a grown man or woman cry!…that is unless you have SAVED your session!

Top 8 Events that will make you cry! Saving Your Work! Top 8 Events that will make you cry! Accidentally exiting AutoCAD. AutoCAD bugs. Failure of Microsoft Windows OS. Power failure (frequent occurrence). Unrecoverable error in drawing. Network issues or shutdown. Disrupting a network or power cable. Missing an assignment due to above!

Saving Your Work! *Important – You should save to a folder on your NETWORK drive (U:) whenever possible! Network drives are backed up daily and can be recovered in the event of system failure. If you save to the local hard drive (C:) and the disk fails you are S.O.L.! If you save to your flash drive and loose it, forget it, or destroy it in the wash machine you are S.O.L.! Hint: No excuses for late assignments unless its due to a network problem!

Saving Your Work! Most common ways to Save are the Application menu commands: Save & Save As… First time file is saved, a file name must be supplied. Either command brings up “Save As” dialog box for file name entry. Subsequent saves: Save – saves to the existing drawing file name. No prompts or dialog box occurs. Save As - brings up same dialog box. If new name is provided, data is saved to that new file and current drawing session name is updated.

Saving Your Work! Save As Dialog Box: *NOTE: All AutoCAD files have a .dwg extension. This is how you identify them. Saving Your Work! Save As Dialog Box: Click to browse for a folder Selects folder where file is saved Moves folder up one level. Pre-existing file name may be selected from this list. File will be overwritten. Enter file name to save to. Drawing name will update as well. Not necessary to include .dwg extension. Added automatically. Click Save after folder and file name are entered

Saving Your Work! Toolbar Quick Save: saves to the existing drawing file name. No prompts or dialog box occurs. Acts identical to Save from application menu.

Saving Your Work! Smart Save Tips: Save often! – it’s a good idea to save after every major change to a drawing. Create sensible file names that indicate the content. Create a running history of your save files for each particular assignment or project; Ex: Assign1_Bracket A.dwg  1st major save Assign1_Bracket B.dwg  2nd major save Etc. Create a logical folder structure to save to (from orientation): Create folders for each course (Draft I, CAD I, etc) Create subfolders for assignments. Create separate subfolder for class exercises.

Demo Save – Application Menu: Open a new drawing and examine default file name. Show Save & Save As in Application menu. Show First save & subsequent saves.

Opening and Closing Files You can open and close multiple files at any time without leaving AutoCAD. Typically use Application menu to perform such operation. Starts a new file. Initiates Select Template dialog box. Opens an existing file. Initiates Select-File dialog box. Allows you to browse for desired file. Closes the active session. If the session has not been saved, a prompt to save will be initiated.

Demo Opening and Closing Files: Open an existing file. Open a new file. Close a file.

End Lecture 1

Ribbon Screen Layout Application Menu Quick Access Toolbar Toolbar Menus Ribbon Menu Graphics Window World CS Origin Command Window Status Bar Buttons

Making AutoCAD Do Stuff AutoCAD uses Commands, Command Input Data, and System Variables in order to perform a particular function. Commands – user selected instructions telling AutoCAD which operation to perform. Example: Line – creates a line Example: Circle – creates a circle Command Input Data – additional input data supplied by the user when issuing a command. Example: End points for creating a line with the Line command System Variables – Internal AutoCAD data settings that control how a particular AutoCAD command is performed.

Command Input Redundant Commands – A specific command can typically be issued by various methods. Don’t let this confuse you, it simply allows options for you to work in a manner you prefer. Methods for issuing a command: Keyboard / Command Line Ribbon Menus Toolbar Button Menus Be Observant - for all methods the Command Window will prompt for command input data, indicate command status, and list the command history.

Keyboard / Command Line: Type a command at command line prompt Command: followed by [Enter] Command prompt (Command:) must first be displayed, otherwise a previous command is still active. Use [Esc] to cancel previous command. Command history Command line prompt or data input prompt

Uses Tabbed categories. Within each tab are categorized Panels Arrows indicate additional options or commands Panel names within Tabs Ribbon Menu: Uses Tabbed categories. Within each tab are categorized Panels Select command with left mouse button. Drop down arrows indicate additional options/commands. Command history data input prompt

Demo Issue command by keyboard. Show response in Command Window. Show contents of ribbon menus and drop down arrows. Issue command by ribbon menu.

Select command icon with left mouse button. Tool-Tip for Line command Toolbar Menus: Hold mouse pointer over toolbar command to display tool-tip (name of command). Select command icon with left mouse button. Only displayed toolbars are accessible and not all command options are available. Command history data input prompt

Toolbar commands are grouped in logical categories; Toolbar Menus: Toolbar commands are grouped in logical categories; Draw Toolbar, Modify Toolbar, etc. Toolbar menus are configurable; Can be displayed or hidden. Can be reshaped. Can be arranged anywhere on the screen. Toolbar visibility is controlled by; Right mouse click on any toolbar. -TOOLBAR command. Right click on any toolbar

Demo Show –TOOLBAR command to show DRAW toolbar. Issue command by toolbar. Show other options of –TOOLBAR command. Right click to show additional toolbars. Show how to close toolbars. Configure toolbar; Change visibility Change location Change Shape

Exercise: Use the –TOOLBAR command to show the Draw toolbar. Use right mouse click to display the Dimension toolbar. Move Dimension toolbar to the middle of the screen. Reshape Dimension toolbar until approximately square. Close the Dimension toolbar. Use right mouse click to display the Object Snap toolbar. Embed Object Snap as a vertical column into the menu on the right side of the graphics screen. Display the View and Inquiry toolbars and embed them in the menu on the left side of the screen.

Exercise: Use –TOOLBAR command to first hide all toolbars. Then use –TOOLBAR command to show only the Draw and Modify toolbars and place as shown. This layout will be used for class demonstrations. You should also maintain this toolbar arrangement for the initial portion of the course. We will add additional toolbars as the class progresses. Draw & Modify Toolbars

Coordinate Space In AutoCAD, geometry such as lines and circles are created by locating points on the screen. A Coordinate System is used as a reference for locating such points. In AutoCAD the primary CS is the World Coordinate System. Points can be placed in the WCS using several Coordinate System Input Methods: 2D Rectangular Coordinates 2D Polar Coordinates 3D Cartesian Coordinates 3D Cylindrical Coordinates 3D Spherical Coordinates

Coordinate Space 2D Rectangular Coordinates (Cartesian): Plane defined by horizontal X and vertical Y axes. Origin (0,0) is intersection of X and Y axes. X coordinate measures horizontal distance from origin. Y coordinate measures vertical distance from origin. Coordinates of a point are indicated by X, Y pairs. Ex: -3,5 -X +X +Y -Y X Y

Exercise: What are the X & Y coordinates of point: A B C D E Locate point at: -5, -4 6, 1.8 2.4, -1 -5, 4 -3,-5 Y B E A X D C

Coordinate Space 2D Polar Coordinates : Alternate method of defining points in an X-Y plane. Location defined by radial distance from origin and an angle. Radius (R) is the direct radial distance from origin to point. Origin 4.5<60 θ + - 4.5 Theta (Ө) is angle between +X axis and radial line to point; Counter-clockwise  about origin is positive angle. Clockwise  about origin is negative angle. Convenient for defining inclined lines & used often in AutoCAD.

Coordinate Space Right Hand Rule: Used to determine positive direction of rotation about an axis. Point thumb along positive Z-axis, fingers point to positive rotation. Useful for determining sign of angle in polar coordinate system. *Note - counter clockwise is positive (default positive rotation in ACAD) Y Z X

Exercise: What are the Polar coordinates of point A (ex: 630º) B C D Give approximate Cartesian coordinates for the following points; (490º) (2180º) (4-15º) (6330º) Y B E A X D C

Drawing Lines Lines are the most fundamental objects in drafting. We will start by creating straight lines. Several methods for creating straight lines; Command line  we will start with this method. Ribbon menu Toolbar menu Simultaneously, we will learn some commands for other basic functions which we will need.

Drawing Lines Straight Lines – Command Line Method Example: Command: LINE Specify first point: Specify next point or [Undo]: Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:  Input 1st point (mouse pick or typed coordinates).  Input 2nd point or Undo (allows point to be reselected. Type U then [Enter]).  Input next point, Undo, or Close (draws line from last point to first point forming a closed polygon. Type C then [Enter]). To end LINE command at any time; Press [Enter], [Esc], or [Spacebar]. Right click mouse and select Enter or Cancel from pop-up menu.

Demo Show LINE command (command line & menu) Show (U)ndo option. Show (C)lose option. Show ending command. [Enter], [Esc], or [Spacebar]. Right mouse click. Show escape from previously issued command.

Drawing Lines Straight Lines – Menu Methods Home > Line from ribbon Line icon from Draw toolbar Straight Lines – Menu Methods The same LINE command can be issued by using the Ribbon & Toolbar menus.

Drawing Lines Straight Lines – Continue Option If line(s) have been created by executing the LINE command, and a new LINE command is issued, the Continue option can be invoked. Continue starts a new line from the endpoint of the last series of lines. If a LINE command has been previously executed, continue as follows: Command: LINE Program Response: Specify first point: Press [Enter] or [Spacebar] to initiate line at previous endpoint, then continue defining line(s).

Demo Show LINE command Continue option.

Object Selection Many commands require a drawn object (i.e. line) to be selected in order to modify or delete it. Object selection can be performed in various ways; Left mouse pick on a single object . Select multiple objects by Window Option or Crossing Option. Left to right selects only items fully enclosed in box. Right to left selects all items partially enclosed in box. 1 1 Blue: Window Green: Crossing Box 2 2 Window Option – Left to Right Crossing Option – Right to Left

Demo Load file DEMO2.DWG. For MOVE command show selection by; Cursor Pick & unselect by [Shift] key Window Option Crossing Option

Erasing Objects Command: ERASE Select objects to erase using selection methods discussed. When done selecting, complete command by either; Pressing [Enter] or [Spacebar]. Right clicking mouse. Alternate Method: Pre-Select objects by any method. Press [Delete] key.

Erasing Objects Menu Methods for Erasing Objects: ERASE icon on Modify Toolbar ERASE command using ribbon Modify panel

Demo Load file DEMO2.DWG. Show object selection methods. Show Erase commands.

Drawing Lines Exercise: 1 Start a drawing by using acad.dwt (English units). Use the typed LINE command and mouse picks to draw approximately the shapes shown. Use the Undo, Close, and Continue options in LINE command as needed. Use the ERASE command to correct mistakes. Experiment with methods for ending LINE command; [Enter], [Esc], [Spacebar], and Right mouse click. After I’ve seen your results, practice erasing with various selection options. 2 3 4 5

End Lecture 2

Basic Display Commands Zooming and Panning: Basic display functions used to manipulate your view of the object (graphic image). Zooming – visually reduces or enlarges the display image (actual size & dimensions not altered). To zoom in or out – rotate scroll wheel on mouse. Panning – visually moves the display image on the screen (actual location in World CS is not altered). To pan left/right or up/down – Depress scroll wheel button and move mouse in desired direction. Many other methods & options. These are just 2 to get started.

Demo Load file DEMO2.DWG. Show Mouse Zoom Show Mouse Pan. Show double-click of middle mouse button for extents.

Exercise: Draw the red segments (top to bottom) using the ribbon menu Line command, then issue [Esc] to end the command. Use toolbar Line command with the Continue option to draw the connected green segments. Experiment with Pan and Zoom to vary the display location and size. Erase all line segments.

Undoing a Command Redo Undo As you work, you will probably make some mistakes. The undo toolbar command sequentially reverses the effects of each command previously executed. Select Undo from the Quick Toolbar. If the undo was unintentional, the redo toolbar command sequentially reverses the effects of undo. Select Redo from the Quick Toolbar. *NOTE: All graphics display commands are included in the Undo list.

Demo Show undo/redo via toolbar button. Show undo/redo via toolbar button drop down.

Specifying Coordinates for Points Indicating point locations with your mouse has some problems… 4 Accurate Methods for Defining Coordinates in AutoCAD: Absolute Rectangular Coordinates Relative Rectangular Coordinates Relative Polar Coordinates Direct Distance Input

Specifying Coordinates for Points Absolute Rectangular Coordinates: Coordinates given with respect to origin (0,0) of World coordinate system. Same as 2D Cartesian coordinate system discussed earlier. Points specified as X,Y pairs separated by comma. Example: Command: line Specify first point: -4,-2 Specify next point or [Undo]: 2,-2 Specify next point or [Undo]: 2,1 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: -4,1 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: close World

Use the grid spacing to draw the object using Absolute Rectangular coordinates. Only refer to the table at left if you get stuck. Exercise: Pnt Coord. 3,1 3,5 4,5 5,2 6,5 7,5 7,1 1 C

Specifying Coordinates for Points Relative Rectangular Coordinates: Coordinates given with respect to last input point (not the origin of the World CS). Behaves as if origin relocated to last input point. Points specified as X,Y pairs preceded with the @ symbol and separated by a comma. Ex: @2,4 Example: Command: line Specify first point: 1,0 (Absolute Coords.) Specify next point or [Undo]: @4,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @2,2 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-4,0 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: close @2,2 @-4,0 @4,0

Exercise: Use the grid spacing to draw the object using Relative Rectangular coordinates. Only refer to the table at left if you get stuck. Pnt Coord. 3,1 @4,0 @-1,1 @1,0 @0,1 @-1,2 @-1,-1 @-1,-2 @0,-1 1 @-1,-1

Specifying Coordinates for Points Example: Command: line Specify first point: 1,0 (Absolute Coords.) Specify next point or [Undo]: @3<0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @1<90 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4.2<135 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: close Relative Polar Coordinates: Coordinates given with respect to last input point (not origin of World CS). Locate by entering distance from last point to new point and angle of line between points from Positive X-axis. Point specified by distance r and angle  preceded with the @ symbol. Ex: @2<30  = positive for  rotation.  = negative for  rotation. @4.2<135 @1<90 @3<0

Another Example of Polar Coordinates Example A: Command: line Specify first point: 1,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @2<315 Specify next point or [Undo]: @2<210 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Example B: Command: line Specify first point: 1,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @2<-45 Specify next point or [Undo]: @2<-150 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: All line lengths = 2 units @2<-45 @2<315 @2<210 @2<-150 Example A: Example B:

Exercise: Using only the dimensions on the drawing, draw the martini glass using relative polar coordinates. Only refer to the table at left if you get stuck. Pnt Coord. 1.5,1.75 @2.25<0 @0.25<90 @1.0<180 @2.0<90 @2.0<30 @3.7141<180 @2.0<-30 @2.0<-90 1 @0.25<-90 Hint: this part is symmetric

End Lecture 3

Specifying Coordinates for Points Direct Distance Input: Coordinates given with respect to the last input point (not the World CS origin). Similar to Relative Polar Coordinates but angle is determined by cross-hair position with respect to last point. Distance between the points is entered from keyboard. Points specified by distance r and cursor position.

Demo Show use of Direct Distance for defining points. Show Ortho Mode (F8). Show Polar Tracking.

Exercise: Use Direct Distance Entry to draw the given object. You must first set your polar tracking angle to 45º to draw the angled corners. Hint: this part is symmetric

Modifying Objects MOVE Command: Used to relocate objects within the World CS. Command: MOVE Select objects: Specify base point or [Displacement]: Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>:  Select objects by any method discussed then press [Enter] or [Spacebar].  Pick or enter a point defining start of displacement path then press [Enter]. Pick or enter a 2nd point defining end of displacement path then press [Enter]. Selected objects move parallel to displacement path.

Demo Load Demo3.dwg Show use of MOVE command. Absolute Coordinates Relative Coordinates

Move Command – Menu Method Move on ribbon Modify panel (Home tab) Move icon from Modify toolbar

Exercise: Draw the following object using the LINE command. Then use the MOVE command to move the entire object so its lower left corner is at absolute coordinate (6,6). Zoom and Pan to center object on screen. Move entire object 3 units to right and 2 units down. Move lower horizontal line 1 unit down. Move upper horizontal line 1 unit up. Each block = 1 unit (2,2) Absolute Coordinates

Drawing Circles There are 6 methods for creating circles. Circle Creation Options: Center and Radius Center and Diameter 3 Point 2 Point Tangent Tangent Radius Tangent Tangent Tangent Q: Why so many options? Cen Rad Diam

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Center & Radius (default): Command: CIRCLE P1 P2 Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Center & Radius (default): Command: CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Pick or enter center point for circle. Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.750>: Press [Enter] to accept default radius Or Enter new radius (i.e. 3). Or Enter a point which lies on circumference (absolute or relative to center point). Or Pick a point which lies on circumference (Drag circle). Command:

Demo Load Demo3.dwg Circle – Center and Radius Enter radius Default radius Pick a point which lies on circumference Enter absolute point which lies on circumference Enter relative point which lies on circumference

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Center & Diameter: Command: CIRCLE P1 Diam Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Center & Diameter: Command: CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Pick or enter center point for circle. Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.7158>: Enter D [Enter] Specify diameter of circle <2.500>: Press [Enter] to accept default diameter. Enter new diameter (i.e. 6). Command:

Demo Load Demo3.dwg Circle – Center and Diameter Enter diameter.

Exercise: Each block = 1 unit Use the CIRCLE command with the default center & radius option to create the pink circle in figure A. Use the CIRCLE command with the center & diameter option to create the blue circle in figure A. Use the MOVE command to center the pink circle in the blue circle as shown in figure B. A (0,0) Absolute Coordinates B

End Lecture 4

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – 3 Point Circle Any 3 non-linear points can define a circle. Command: CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Enter 3P [Enter] for 3 point option . Specify first point on circle: Specify P1 Specify second point on circle: Specify P2 Specify third point on circle: Specify P3 Command: P1 P2 P3

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – 2 Point Circle Any 2 points can define a circle diameter. Command: CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Enter 2P [Enter] for 2 point option . Specify first end point of circle's diameter: Specify P1 Specify second end point of circle's diameter: Specify P2 Command: P1 P2

Exercise: Create the following circles as specified in the numerical order indicated. 4 5 3 2 1

Tangency The next two circle creation methods require understanding the meaning of Tangent. Two objects (curves) are tangent if they touch at a single point and have the same slope (curve direction) at that point. 90º Circle Tangent to Circle Circle Tangent to Line

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Tangent Tangent Radius P1 P2 R CIRCLE – Tangent Tangent Radius Creates a circle tangent to two objects (line, arc, or circle) and with specified radius. Command: CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Enter T [Enter] for tan tan radius option Specify point on object for first tangent of circle: Pick P1 Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: Pick P2 Specify radius of circle: Enter value Command:

Drawing Circles CIRCLE – Tangent Tangent Radius Pick locations determine configuration of tangencies. Some combinations may have no solution! P1 P2 P1 P2 Radius = 2

Demo Load file Demo4.dwg. Circle – Tangent Tangent Radius

Drawing Circles – Menu Methods Circle command on ribbon has one additional option (tan tan tan). Tan tan tan option requires picking 3 objects for tangency, but no radius is input. Circle Icon on Draw toolbar operates the same way as CIRCLE command

Exercise: Create the following: Line 1 - end points (4,1) (10,2). Circle 2 - center (2,4) and radius=2. Circle 3 - through points (8,4) (10,6) (5.5,5.5). Circle 4 – Tangent to Line 1, Circle 2, and Circle 3. Circle 5 – Tangent to Line 1 and Circle 3, radius=1.5. Circle 6 – Tangent to Line 1 and Circle 2, radius=2.75 Exercise: 3 5 4 2 1 6

Opening Multiple Files In AutoCAD, multiple files may be open simultaneously. Allows you to switch between multiple open sessions or display them together in a pattern for comparison via “tile”. Accessed thru the ribbon View Tab > Windows Panel.

To switch between drawings To Tile windows

Demo Show opening multiple files Show switching between files Show tiling files Show Copying objects between files Ctrl C then Ctrl V Use ribbon clipboard copy/paste in Home Tab Quick drag using left mouse button from one drawing to another – this will copy not move objects. Quick drag using right mouse button from one drawing to another – same as above but gives copy options in a short-cut menu.

Basic Plotting Basic Plotting Requires Several Steps : Select Plotter – We have two plotters available, so the correct plotter must be selected. We use the HP laser printer, simply called (J5) for CAD I. Do Not use (J5 - Plotter). Select Paper Size – Choose a paper size which is supported by your selected plotter (remember standard sizes from Drafting I?). Specify Plot Area – The entire drawing or just a portion may be plotted. Determine what portion of the drawing to plot. Set Plot Scale – Most drawings conform to a particular scale (i.e. 1:2, 1:4). For our first exercises this is not required, but for later assignments an appropriate scale MUST be used!

Basic Plotting Basic Plotting Requires Several Steps : Set the Plot Style Table – Select the More button , then select monochrome.ctb. This ensures all colored lines are black instead of gray scale. Specify Paper Orientation – Portrait or Landscape . We only use  Landscape orientation. Preview Plot – Often times, the plot will not appear as expected. You should ALWAYS preview the plot on your display screen before plotting. This saves wasted paper and toner (Friend of the Earth…Save a tree)! Plot – Send the plot to the plotter and retrieve your hardcopy!

Basic Plotting A Plot can be initiated in 3 ways and they all do the same thing  bring up Plot Dialog Box Command: Plot Application menu > Print or Print > Plot… Quick toolbar print icon Plot – Quick toolbar. Plot - Application menu.

Basic Plotting Plot Dialog Box  Select Plotter Use J5  Select Plot Scale  Select Paper Size  Specify Plot Area Use Window  Select More button to expand

Basic Plotting  Set Plot Style Table Plot Dialog Box Use Monochrome Use Landscape  Select Paper Orientation  Preview Plot

Demo Basic Plotting – Show plot set up and basic options.

Exercise: Start a new drawing. Draw a QUICK and SIMPLE self portrait (don’t be concerned if it doesn’t look like you…its just so you recognize the drawing when you pick it up at the plotter!). Plot your drawing using the following: Plotter Device = J5 Paper Size = Letter 8.5 x 11 Plot Area = Window Center the Plot =  Scale = Scaled to Fit Plot Style Table = Monochrome.ctb Paper Orientation = Landscape First do a Print Preview, then print your self portrait, retrieve it from the printer, and gaze in amazement! Your Instructor

REVIEW Quick Review of Commands We Have Learned: Command: STARTUP – To control display of Startup dialog Command: -TOOLBAR - Display or close toolbars Command: Line - Create a line Command: Erase - Erase or delete an object Command: Move - Moves objects within world coord system Command: Circle - Creates a circle with various options. Command: Plot - Brings up Plot Dialog Box, allowing plot configuration, plot preview, and actual plot. Additional Commands for Self Study: Command: Help - Starts AutoCAD Help dialogue box. Command: Zoom - Enlarges or reduces display image.

Additional Topics for Independent Study The following topics shown in the remaining slides should be examined in your free time; HELP system ZOOM command with the following options: Window Extent Previous Object

HELP! In some instances (OK many instances) you may be lacking knowledge of a particular AutoCAD topic. Even your instructor may not know the answer (hard to believe, but true)! Command: Help Help ? from title bar. [F1] key

HELP! Auto-CAD Help Dialog Box: It’s web based so you need to be connected to the internet.

Display Commands ZOOM – Reduces or enlarges display image. Similar to zoom function using scroll wheel on mouse, but with additional options. Object Zooms & centers selected object to full screen Window (default) Use Bounding box to select area you want to zoom in on. ZOOM Scale All Extents All drawing objects are fitted to fill graphics window. Previous Display from previous zoom is regenerated. Center Dynamic

Display Commands ZOOM Command Command: ZOOM Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: Window – specify bounding box. Extents – Type E [Enter]. Alternate method: Don’t issue command; instead quickly double-click the scroll-wheel button on your mouse Previous – Type P [Enter]. Object – Type O [Enter]. Then select object to zoom to.

Exercise: Create circles and lines approximately as shown. Use the typed ZOOM command with options as directed: Display all geometry - Extents option. Display only red circle – Object option. Display all geometry – Previous option. Display blue line & green circle – Window option.

End Lecture 5

Congratulation, you now know enough to be extremely dangerous! Chapters 1 & 2 - The End Congratulation, you now know enough to be extremely dangerous!

RETIRED MATERIAL FOLLOWS:

Demo/Exercise – Initial Setup Start AutoCAD Switch Status Bar from icons to text (right click on any status bar button and uncheck Use Icons) Turn off all Status Bar buttons

Shutting Down AutoCAD To Exit AutoCAD If you intend to keep the drawing data be sure you SAVE before exiting! Exiting AutoCAD: From Application Menu Or click  in upper right corner. Or type EXIT at command prompt followed by [Enter]. To Exit AutoCAD

Demo/Exercise Try various methods for starting and exiting AutoCAD (click cancel if Start-Up dialogue appears). Show double clicking on a .dwg file (Demo1.dwg).

We Want to Use a Startup Dialog Box: Startup Dialog Box On: Command: STARTUP Enter new value: 1 (on) Startup Dialog Box Off: Enter new value: 0 (off) Startup Dialog Box startup

Demo Show Startup dialog box. Demonstrate changing Startup dialog box. Set to show Startup Dialog Box.

Exercise: Start AutoCAD and see if you get a Startup dialog box. If you don’t get a Startup dialog box, reset the system to “Show a startup” by entering the following at the Command: prompt: Command: STARTUP Enter new value: 1 Exit AutoCAD. DO NOT save your drawing!  Enter  Enter

Startup Dialog Box Explanation Options: Open a Drawing Start from Scratch Use a Template Use a Wizard

Startup - Opening a Drawing Only available when AutoCAD first opens. Shows most recently modified drawing files. Browse Button – to access other drawing files in your folders. AutoCAD drawing files have a unique extension  .dwg Example: bracket.dwg or hub.dwg Most recently modified files Browse to open other file

Startup - Start From Scratch Starts blank drawing file using standard AutoCAD template: Imperial - same as English units = feet and inches Template file = acad.dwt Metric - units = millimeters Template file = acadiso.dwt Templates – standardized file formats with preset internal variables. Provided with AutoCAD or created by user. Limits (drawing length and width) Text Height Dimension Scale Linetype Scale AutoCAD template files have a distinct extension  .dwt

Startup - Use a Template Starts a drawing file using standard AutoCAD or user defined template (.dwt). Drawing settings will match defined template properties. AutoCAD Templates: Standardized formats provided with AutoCAD. Typically found in AutoCAD subfolder called Templates. User defined templates: Template file containing commonly used settings and objects. Use Browser to locate user template.

Startup - Use a Wizard Uses prompted info for drawing setup. Not particularly useful so we will not use this option.

Demo Show Startup dialog box options. Open a Drawing Start from Scratch Use a Template

Exercise: Start AutoCAD by double-clicking the icon. Examine the Startup dialog box. Start a drawing by using Start From Scratch with English units (Imperial). Exit AutoCAD. DO NOT save your drawing! Restart AutoCAD Start a drawing with Use a Template Tutorial-iarch.dwt

Classic Screen Layout AutoCAD 2008 And Before Application Menu Drop Down Menu Toolbar Menus Graphics Window World CS Origin Command Window Status Bar Buttons

Demo AutoCAD Help System Show Contents Show Index Show Search methods

Demo Load file Demo2.dwg Show Zoom Command: Window Extents Previous Object