Do Now Nov. 12 th 2012 Is the issue of slavery still important to be studied in school today? Why/why not? Does talking about slavery unite or divide us today? Give examples. Are there any lasting impact of slavery still existing today?

DoNow Nov. 13 th, 2012 Why did the South depend more on slave labor than the North? Are there any issues that create divisions between regions in the US today? Examples

DoNow Nov. 14 th,2012 What did the Missouri Compromise and the Missouri Compromise line do?

Standard – SSUSH 8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and westward expansion. a) Explain how slavery became a significant issue in American politics; include Nat Turner’s Rebellion and the rise of abolitionism [William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and the Grimke sisters]. b)Explain the Missouri Compromiseof 1820 and the issue of slavery in western states and territories. c)Describe the Nullification Crisis and the emergence of a states’ rights ideology; include the role of John C. Calhoun and the development of sectionalism. d)Describe the Mexican-American War and the Wilmot Proviso. e)Explain how the Compromise of 1850 arose out of territorial expansion and population growth.

Nat Turner’s Rebellion Most famous/influential of slave rebellions in the south Southern response – stricter slave laws and greater support for the institution of slavery Increase of sectionalism over slavery

William Lloyd Garrison 1831 published newspaper – The Liberator Advocated for abolition of slavery Considered by southerners as most “radical” of abolitionists His newspaper banned in the South

Frederick Douglass Former slave and famous abolitionist Wrote influential autobiography and other works Forcefully argued for African American freedom and rights – before and after the Civil War

Grimke Sisters Southern sisters and abolitionists Lectured and wrote against slavery Became women’s rights activists later in life Banned in the South

Missouri Compromise of 1820 Compromise kept balance in Senate Missouri = slave state, Maine = free state Banned expansion of slavery elsewhere in Louisiana Purchase Overturned by Kansas-Nebraska Act and Dred Scott Decision

Nullification Crisis Crisis over whether a state can “nullify” a federal law Tariff of Abominations President Jackson vs. Vice President John C. Calhoun Jackson threatened to use military force in South Carolina

John C. Calhoun Most influential Southern Politician before the Civil War – Vice President, Cabinet member, S.C. Senator Advocate of states rights, sectionalism, nullification Role in all Sectionalism crises – Missouri statehood, Nullification, California statehood.

Sectionalism devotion to one’s region or state greater than one’s devotion to nation. Economic differences between N & S increased sectionalism Disagreement over Tariffs increased sectionalism Disagreement over extending slavery into the territories increased sectionalism

States’ Rights – Before the Civil War Idea that ultimate political authority resides in the sovereign states and not the national government Articles of Confederation – precedent for idea Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of Jefferson and Madison Infamous Dred Scott Case One Cause of the Civil War

Mexican-American War Controversial war – first for US on foreign soil Defeat of Mexico = vast new territories, US a continental nation New territories – Old problem = whether or not to allow the spread of slavery.

Wilmot Proviso Wilmot Proviso-no slavery to be allowed in territories obtained from Mexico Controversial amendment – kept issue of the spread of slavery at the top of nation’s agenda Wilmot Proviso – basis for the creation of Republican Party of Abraham Lincoln

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850 Provisions – Calif. Added as free state – Tougher fugitive slave laws for the south – New Mex., Utah allowed to vote whether to be free or slave [popular sovereignty] Results of Compromise - postponed but did not prevent Civil War for10 years