1 MRC SEA HYDROPOWER ON THE MEKONG MAINSTREAM CAMBODIA NATIONAL SCOPING WORKSHOP JULY 2009 SUNWAY HOTEL

2 1. EIA Process in Cambodia Prepared by : Mr. Duong Samkeat EIA Department/Ministry of Environment July 2009

3 Structure of EIA Department EIA Department was established in 1996 and there are 5 offices : 1. Project Review Office 2. Monitoring Office 3. Disputed, Legislative and International Cooperation Office 4. Planning and Statistics Office 5. Administration and Accounting Office References: - Sub-decree No.57 ANK-BK dated 25 Sept on the Organization and Functioning of the MoE (Article 10). - PRAKAS No. 346 Pr.K.SSR.BSt. dated 30 Dec on the Organization and Functioning of the EIA Dept.

4 Law/Sub-decree concerning EIA Process Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Management (24 Dec. 1996) Article 6: An environmental impact assessment shall be conducted on every project and activity of the private or public, and shall be approved by the Ministry of Environment before being submitted to the Royal Government for decision. This assessment shall also be conducted for existing activities that have not yet been assessed for environmental impacts. The procedures of the process for environmental impact assessment shall be defined by sub-decree following a proposal of the Ministry of Environment. The nature and size of the proposed projects and/ or activities (proposed and existing) both private and public, that shall be subject an environmental impact assessment which shall be defined by sub-decree following a proposal of the Ministry of Environment.

5 Law/Regulation concerning EIA Process Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Management (24 Dec. 1996) Article 7: All investment Project Applications and all proposed State projects shall be subject to an initial Environmental Impact Assessment (IEIA) and / or Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as specified in article 6 of this law. The Ministry of environment shall review and provide recommendations on the IEIA and / or EIA to the competent bodies within period determined by the Law on Investment of the Kingdom of Cambodia.

6 Sub-decree on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Process (11 August 1999) The purpose of this Sub-decree is:   An EIA shall be done on every project and activity, private or public, and shall be reviewed by the Ministry of Environment before being submitted to the Royal Government for decision,   The nature and size of the proposed projects and activities and existing and in-process activities, both private and public, shall be subject to environmental impact assessment, and   Foster public participation in the EIA process in recognition that their concerns should be considered in the project decision-making process.

7 Sub-decree on Water Pollution Control (06 April 1999) The purpose of this Sub-decree is to regulate the water pollution control in order to prevent and reduce the water pollution of the public water areas so that the protection of human health and the conservation of biodiversity should be ensured.

8 Sub-decree on Solid Waste Management (27 April 1999) The purpose of this Sub-decree is to regulate the solid waste management with proper technical manner and safe way in order to ensure the protection of human health and the conservation of biodiversity.

9 Sub-decree on Air and Noise Pollution Control (10 July 2000) The purpose of this Sub-decree is to protect the environmental quality and public health from air pollutants and noise pollution through monitoring curb and mitigation activities.

10 Current Status for EIA Implementation in Cambodia Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC): (Reference: Sub-decree No 147 ANK/BK on the Organization and Functioning of the Council for the Development of Cambodia, 2005)   The CDC is the sole and One-Stop Service organization responsible for the rehabilitation, development and the oversight of investment activities. The CDC is the Royal Government’s “Etat –Major” responsible for the evaluation and the decision making on all rehabilitation, development and investment project activities.   To guide the preparation of development conception and strategies for Cambodia in cooperation with the relevant institutions.   The CDC comprises the following two operational Boards: The Cambodian Rehabilitation and Development Board, and the Cambodian Investment Board.

11 EIA Process for Proposed Projects Approved by CDC or RGC Project Proponent Submit IAF, Feasibility Study, IEE/EIA Report Environmental Consultant Scoping and TOR for IEE/EIA Study Prepare IEE/EIA Report CDC or RGC Decision Makers Project Proponent Revises IEE/EIA Report or Prepares EIA Full Scale Report One-Stop Service Mechanism Project Proponent Implementation Projects & EMP IEE/EIA Revise EIA Full Scale Require IEE/EIA Review by MoE Collaborate with Line Ministries IEE/EIA Approval IEE/EIA Require 30 days

12 Current Status for EIA Implementation in Cambodia Sub-Committee on Investment of the Capital-Provincial Level (Reference: Sub-decree No 17 ANK/BK on The Establishment of the Capital-Provincial Sub-Committee on Investment of the Kingdom of Cambodia, 2005)   The Sub-Committee on Investment of the Capital- Provincial Level is the sole and One-Stop Service Mechanism responsible for the rehabilitation, development and the oversight of investment activities.   The Sub-Committee on investment’s registration and shall be under registration mechanism of the CDC/CIB that have investment with capital not exceeding USD 2,000,000.

13 EIA Process for Proposed Projects Approved by Sub-Committee Project Proponent Submit IAF, Feasibility Study, IEE/ESIA Report Environmental Consultant Scoping and TOR for IEE/ESIA Study Prepare IEE/ESIA Report Sub-Committee Decision Makers Project Proponent Revises IEE/ESIA Report or Prepares EIA Full Scale Report One-Stop Service Mechanism Project Proponent Implementation Projects & EMP IEE/ESIA Revise EIA Full Scale Require IEE/ESIA Review by DoE Collaborate with Relevant Department IEE/ESIA/EIA Approval IEE/ESIA Require 30 days

14 Current Status of Public Participation in the EIA Process   Cambodia has implemented public consultation in the EIA process in the public and private development projects or in conflict resolution. To date, the public consultation in planning has been an important part of the government policy.   In additionally, the Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Management directs the Ministry of Environment to provide information on its activities and to encourage public participation in environmental protection and natural resource management.   The public consultation for public and private development projects are implemented at 3 levels: Local level – project developers, Local Administrative such as Chief of Villages, Chief of Communes, and affected people or representative of local community. Provincial Level – project developers, concerned agencies at provincial level, Local Administrative Authorities (District level), and NGOs. National Level – project developers, Line Ministries, and Local Administrative Authorities (Provincial Level), NGOs

15 2. History of ESIA Application to hydropower and Lessons Learned

16 Data EIA Review and Approval on Hydropower Projects (2009) No.Type of the ProjectSizeLocationCompany Approved on IESIA or ESIA Consultant s Others I.Approved on IESIA or ESIA 1 Kirirom I Hydropower (IEIA) 12 MW Kampong Speu province CETIC INTERNATIONAL HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. (CETIC) Kamchay Hydropower (IESIA) 193,2 MW Kampot province SINOHYDRO CORPORATION LIMITED 2006 SAWAC Required ESIA 3 Tatay Hydropower (IESIA) 246 MW Koh Kong province CHINA NATIONAL HEAVY MACHINERY CORPORATION (CHMC) 2008 KCC Required ESIA 4 Kirirom III Hydropower (IESIA) 18 MW Koh Kong and Sihanoukville provinces CETIC INTERNATIONAL HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. (CETIC) 2009 SAWAC Required ESIA I.Revised on IESIA or ESIA 5 Stoeung Atay Hydropower (IESIA) 120 MW Pursat province C.H.D (CAMBODIA) HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. SAWAC 6 Lower Sesan II Hydropower (EIA) 420 MW Stung Treng province EVN INTERNATIONAL JOINT STOCK COMPANY PECC1 & KCC 7 Stoeung Cheay Areng Hydropower (IESIA) 108 MW Koh Kong province CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID CO., LTD. (CSG) SAWAC Note :KCCKey Consultants Cambodia SAWACSAWAC Consultants for Development PECC1Power Engineering Consulting Company 1

17 EIA on Lower SESAN II Hydropower Project EVN International Joint Stock Company Prepared by: PECC1 and KCC

18 Lower Sesan II Hydropower Project MOU (June 2007) : Between MIME and EVN to conduct Feasibility Study Location: Sesan District,Stoeung Treng Province Size: 400 MW Main Dam : length = 8km and width = 8m dam crest (Height) = 83m Power House: 80 MW x 5 = 400 MW Spillway: 15m x 16m and 12 bays Reservoir: Sesan and Srepok rivers (Capacity S = 335km 2, V = 1.79 billion m 3 ; and water level 75m.) Water Flow: 2037 m 3 /sec BOT: 30 years Construction = 5 years ( ) Operation = 30 years ( ) Investment Cost: 861 million USD Electrical Power : Gwh per year

19 Impacts on Physical Environment - Soil erosion - Air pollution - Noise and vibration - Water quality - Change Environmental Flow at downstream annual max flow = 2057 m 3 /sec (at dam site) annual min flow = 733 m 3 /sec annual average flow = 1300 m 3 /sec In raining season : 2000 m 3 /sec full operation with 5 turbines In dry season : 1600 m 3 /sec with 4 turbines 1200 m 3 /sec with 3 turbines 800 m 3 /sec with 2 turbines

20 Impacts on Biological Environment - Impact on fish : There are 66% species will be loss that migrate to the upstream in this area (The result of Fish Study there are 99 species in this area).

21 Impact on Land Use : Flooded area with different FSL in reservoir Land use types Flooded area (ha) FSL 70mFSL 75mFSL 80m Forest covers10,54828,96969,127 Water Features1,9072,9904,572 Shrublands3731,2903,381 Agricultural Lands482193,136 Grasslands31481,000 Soils and Rocks Total12,91033,56381,320

22 Flooded area of land concession and forest concession Land use types Flooded area (ha) FSL 70mFSL 75mFSL 80m Green Land Company1,9143,94014,419 Pheapimex1,2932,9124,264 Phumady Investment Group5541,4804,075 Siv Geach Agro-industrial4661,4673,552 Sopheak Nika Investment ,039 sal Sophear Trade Total4,41410,39927,820

23 Impacts on Social Environment - Impact on local community incomes (Fishermen, non-forest product, resettlement etc.); - Impact on water use (Water quality in downstream), Stoeung Treng water supply and Phluk water supply; - Impact on Phluk tourism area; - Impact on infrastructure: Flooded Road No. 78 about 7km (depth= 0.5-4m) and Srepok bridge (depth=9m); - Public health - Traffic

24 Local communities affected by the Lower Sesan II Hydropower Project (FSL 75m.) No.VillageNumber of households Number of person PAHAPs% !> XMuk,alrmas 1.1 PUmiRkbIRCMu PUmik,alrmas PUmiERsRsNuk PUmiRcb; XMutaLat; 2.1 PUmixSac;fµI PUmisVayerog PUmirMBat; PUmitaLat; #> XMuERsKr 3.1 PUmiERsKrmYy PUmiERsKrBIr $> XMuPøúk 4.1 PUmiPøúk Total

25 Positive Environmental Impacts   Electricity energy : Gwh/year   Rural infrastructures   Jobs : workers   Tourism   Income   Economic

26 Environmental Cost and Electricity Price A Alternatives Environmental cost (USD) Electricity Price Cent/kwh Alternative 164,000, Alternative 2125,000, Alternative 379,000,

27 Thanks for your kind attention!