Ambush- a surprise attack. Annex-to add a territory to one’s own territory. abstain- to not part in some activity such as voting.

Boycott-to refuse to buy items from a particular country. Burgesses-elected representatives to an assemble Blockade runners- ship that sail into and out of a blockade area.

Cabinet- a group of advisers to the president. Capital – money for investment. Cacavl – a small fast ship with a broad bow

Debtor-Person or Country that owes money. Disarmament- remover of weapons Draft- The selections of persons for required military Service.

Emancipate- to free from slavery. Embargo- an order prohibiting trade with another country. Export- to sell goods aboard.

Freedman- a person freed from slavery. Frigate- warships Fugitive- Runaway or trying to run away.

Genocide- The Deliberate destruction of a radical, political or cultural group. Global warming- a steady increase in average world temperatures. Greenback- a piece of U.S. paper money first issued by the north during the civil war.

Horizontal integration- The combing of competing firms into one corporation. Holocaust- The name given to the mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during world war 2 Habeas corpus- a legal order for an inquiry determine whether a person has been lawfully imprisoned.

Impeach- to formally charge a public official with misconduct in office Implied powers- Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution. Import- to buy goods from foreign markets.

Joint occupation- the possession and settling of an area shared by two or more countries. Judicial branch- The branch of government including the federal court system that interprets. Judicial review- the right of the supreme court to deter mine if a law violates the constitution.

Landslide- an overwhelming victory Literacy- the ability to read and write. Lynching- putting to death a person by the illegal action of a mob

Mazie- an early from of corn grown by native Americans. Majority- More than a half. Manumission- the freeing of some enslaved persons.

Neutral- Taking no side in a conflict. Neutrality- a position of not talking sides in a conflict. Nonimportation- the act of importation or using certain goods

Partisan- Favoring one side of an issue Perjury – lying when one has sworn an oath to tell the truth Petition- a formal request

Radical-extreme Ranchero- Mexican rancher owner Ratify- to give offical approval to

Secede- to leave or withdraw. Secession- withdrawal from the union. Sectionalism- loyalty to a region

Tariff- a tax on imports or exports. Toleration- the acceptance of different beliefs. Total war- war on all aspects of the enemy’s life

Unalienable right- a right that cannot be surrendered. Unanconstitutional- not agreeing or consis Utopia- community based on a vision of a perfect society sought by reformers.

Veto-to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming A law Vigilantes- people who take the law into their own hands. Vaquero- Hispanic ranch hand

War hawks- Republicans during Madison's presidency Who pressed for war with Britain

Yankee- union soldier