Health and development There is an interrelationship between each of the dimensions of health and each type of development. The ways in which people develop are often largely dependent on how healthy they are, just as how healthy people are can have an impact on how they develop. How might engaging in physical activity promote health and development? © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

What types of interactions are there between health and development? Health Development Physical Physical Social Social Emotional Emotional Intellectual What types of interactions are there between health and development? As a class, think of some examples. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

How about this? Play Physical: motor skills, coordination Social: how to interact with others Emotional: how to laugh, get mad, smile Intellectual: learning rules, procedures, new skills Even solitary play can assist with all types of development. How? © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Lifespan health and development Prenatal Approximately 40 weeks duration Germinal, embryonic, foetal stages Some key terms: what do they mean in the context of this stage? conception morulla implantation umbilical cord placenta fontanelles blastocyst differentiation © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical Germinal Embryonic What happens in each stage? Foetal © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Infancy Birth to 18 months Rapid growth and development Some key terms – what do they mean in the context of this stage? fine motor skills proximodistal gross motor skills bonding socialisation attachment cephalocaudal reflex © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical Social Emotional Intellectual Give at least one example of each type of development experienced during this stage of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Childhood play growth socialisation tooth development learning 3–12 years of age Slow, steady growth and development Some key terms – what do they mean in the context of this stage? play growth socialisation tooth development learning food ‘choices’ emotions percentile © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical Social Emotional Intellectual Give at least one example of each type of development experienced during this stage of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Adolescence ossification hormones for growth growth spurt 12–18 years of age Rapid growth and development Some key terms – what do they mean in the context of this stage? ossification hormones for growth growth spurt hormones for reproduction puberty socialisation menarche relationships © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical (male and female) Social (male and female) Emotional (male and female) Intellectual (male and female) Give at least one example of each type of development experienced during this stage of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Adulthood career socialisation family sensory acuity relationships 18 years of age and onwards Rapid growth and development Some key terms – what do they mean in the context of this stage? career socialisation family sensory acuity relationships menopause education retirement © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical (male and female) Social (male and female) Emotional (male and female) Intellectual (male and female) Give at least one example of each type of development experienced during this stage of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Old age maintenance family osteoporosis socialisation fractures 65+ years of age Maintenance phase in relation to growth, but some types of development still occurring Some key terms – what do they mean in the context of this stage? maintenance family osteoporosis socialisation fractures hobbies falls community resource © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Physical Social Emotional Intellectual Give at least one example of each type of development experienced during this stage of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Inherited influences on physical development What are some examples of inherited influences on physical development? Sex (gender) How? Examples? Genetic predisposition to disease? Hormonal control of the rate and timing of development © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Environmental influences on physical development What are some examples of environmental influences on physical development? Family How? Examples? Culture Socioeconomic Status (SES) Physical activity Access to healthcare © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

The role of nutrition in optimising health and development across the lifespan Nutrients are needed for: Soft tissue Hard tissue Blood production Energy production Nutrients are needed particularly during the major ‘rapid growth’ phases, but also at all other stages of the lifespan. © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

Nutrient Interactions Soft tissue Protein Vitamin C Vitamin A Vitamin E Vitamin B12 Water Hard tissue Calcium Protein Phosphorous Magnesium Vitamin D Vitamin A What specific function(s) to each of these nutrients have? © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

What specific function(s) to each of these nutrients have? Blood production Iron Protein Copper Vitamin C Vitamin E Folate Vitamin B12 Energy production CHO Protein Fats B group vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6) Iron Iodine What specific function(s) to each of these nutrients have? © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007

SOFT TISSUE Vitamin E Vitamin B12 Water Vitamin A HARD TISSUE Calcium Phosphorous Magnesium Vitamin D Vitamin A Protein Vitamin C Iron ENERGY PRODUCTION CHO Fats Iodine BLOOD FORMATION Copper Folate Vitamin B12 Vitamin E © Goodacre, Slattery, Upton 2007