FINAL REVIEW: SKILLS & GRAPHING II 1. The diagram below shows a microscopic view of a one-celled organism. Four cell structures are labeled. 6. The graph below shows the number of known in the five kingdoms of living things. Which statement about the labeled structures is correct? (1) They can be seen without magnification. (2) They can survive outside the cell. (3) They help carry on life activities within the cell. (4) They cause disease within the cell. 2. Although change in multicellular species usually takes thousands of years, some species of bacteria undergo major changes in just a few years. One reason for this difference is that these bacteria (1) are microscopic (2) do not contain DNA (3) reproduce very quickly (4) cause infectious diseases Which kingdom contains approximately twice as many known species as the Protista Kingdom? (1) Animalia (3) Fungi (2) Plantae (4) Monera 7. Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to (1) their speed of movement (2) the size of their communities (3) how they obtain food (4) how they reproduce

3. What is the result of cellular respiration? (1) Energy for cell processes is released. (2) Oxygen is released for photosynthesis. (3) Cells undergo decomposition. (4) Nutrients are excreted to prevent body fat.   4. How do decomposers obtain their food? (1) hunting and killing prey for food (2) changing carbon dioxide and water into food (3) absorbing food from dead organisms (4) producing food from oxygen and sunlight 5. Some microorganisms cause human disease. Other microorganisms are used in making cheese, yogurt, & bread. Based on this, the relationship between humans & microorganisms can be (1) beneficial, only (2) harmful, only (3) beneficial or harmful 8. The diagram shows two different organisms, a dog and a cat. Which phrase best describes the classification of these two organisms? (1) same kingdom, same species (2) same kingdom, different species (3) different kingdoms, different species (4) different kingdoms, same species 9. Which substance do all living things require to survive? (1) blood (3) carbon dioxide (2) water (4) organic soil

10. A student wanted to study the amount of mold growing on pizza at different temperatures. In the experiment, the student set up four identical pans of pizza. Each pan contained the same amount of pizza. The temperatures & light conditions are shown in the data table below. One error made in setting up the experiment was that the four pans of pizza (1) were at different temperatures (2) were different sizes (3) had different ingredients (4) received different amounts of light 11. The structures found in a living cell can be compared to a factory that produces cars. Which part of the factory is most similar to the nucleus of a living cell? (1) a conveyor belt that transports materials (2) a storage bin that holds the pieces to assemble a car (3) the computer room that controls the assembly process (4) the generator that provides energy for the factory

12. Why do water droplets form on the outside of the glass? *Base your answers to 12-13 on the diagram showing a glass partially filled with water and ice cubes. 12. Why do water droplets form on the outside of the glass? _______________________________________________________________________ 13. What evidence indicates that ice has a lower density than water? CONDENSATION ICE FLOATS IN WATER 14. What is the nutrient source for some fungi? (1) sunlight (3) carbon dioxide (2) oxygen (4) dead organisms

WATER FLOWS INCREASES THROUGH 15. A student made this entry in her notebook: 5/5/2005- We are doing an experiment to determine if the size of soil particles affects the amount of water that flows through soil. We poured 100 mL of water through four different types of soil. The equipment is shown below. We got the following results: With gray soil, the average particle size was 2.0 millimeters (mm) and 80 mL of water flowed through. We then used tan soil. Its average particle size was 0.5 mm and 40 mL of water flowed through. With brown soil, 60 mL of water flowed through. Brown soil has an average particle size of 1.5 mm. In our last trial we used black soil. It has an average particle size of 1.0 mm and 50 mL of water flowed through. a. Using the data table below, organize the results to show the average particle size and the amount of water that flowed through for each type of soil. Be sure to include column headings, data, and units in the table. b. What is the dependent (responding) variable in this experiment? ________________________________ c. What conclusion can be drawn from the data that the students collected? ____________________________________________________ Avg. Particle Size Water Flow - mL 2.0 mm 80 mL AMOUNT OF WATER FLOW 1.5 mm 60 mL 1.0 mm 50 mL WATER FLOWS INCREASES THROUGH LARGER SOIL PARTICLES 0.5 mm 40 mL

16. Write a hypothesis based on the student’s observations. *Base your answers to questions 16-17 on this passage. A student adds sugar to a cup of iced tea & a cup of hot tea. She notices that the time needed for the sugar to dissolve in each cup is different. She thinks this has something to do with the temperature of the tea. She wants to design an experiment to see if she is correct. 16. Write a hypothesis based on the student’s observations. ______________________________________________________________________ IF TEA AT HIGH TEMPERATURE CAUSES SUGAR TO DISSOLVE QUICKLY, THEN SUGAR WILL DISSOLVE SLOW IN ICED TEA. 17. Identify two variables that should be held constant in an experiment to test this hypothesis. (1)________________________________________ (2)________________________________________ AMOUNT OF SUGAR, THE TYPE OF TEA, THE AMOUNT OF TEA, THE TIME OF THE EXPERIMENT

ANYTHING THAT STOPS THE CAR *Base your answers to questions 18-19 on the information below. A car traveled a total distance of 240 kilometers between 8:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. The data table shows the car’s distance from the starting location at 0.5-hour intervals during the trip. 18. On the grid make a graph using the data in the table. Place an X to show the distance from the starting location of the car for each 0.5-hour interval. Connect the Xs with a line. 19. Give one possible explanation for the car’s distance from the starting location at 9:00 a.m. and at 9:30 a.m. _______________________________________________ ANYTHING THAT STOPS THE CAR

Base your answers to questions 20-21 on the information below *Base your answers to questions 20-21 on the information below. Some species of bacteria are harmful. Antibiotics are chemicals that kill bacteria, but some bacteria are not killed (resistant) & they can reproduce. The graphs show the results of an experiment that measured the population of one species of bacteria that had been grown in 4 containers under identical conditions. Different antibiotics were added to 3 of the 4 containers. 20. Which conclusion about this species of bacteria is best supported by the information in the graphs? (1) Antibiotic A continuously slowed the growth. (2) Antibiotic B was least effective in controlling the growth. (3) Antibiotic C was most effective in controlling the growth. (4) Antibiotics A and B slowed the growth. 21. The control in this experiment is represented by the container with (1) antibiotic A added (2) antibiotic B added (3) antibiotic C added (4) no antibiotic added

EVACUATE THE AREA IF POSSIBLE. *Base your answers to questions 22-23 on the table showing the location of Hurricane Betsy. X X X X X 22. The locations for August 29-September 5 have been plotted on the chart. Plot the five remaining locations of the hurricane shown on the data table. a. Place an X for each remaining location of the hurricane from Sept. 6-10. b. Label each X with the date. c. Connect the Xs using straight lines.   23. The U.S. Weather Bureau issued hurricane warnings before the hurricane moved over land. What two actions would the U.S. Weather Bureau likely advised residents do? (1) ____________________________________________________________________________ (2) ____________________________________________________________________________ EVACUATE THE AREA IF POSSIBLE. GO TO A STORM SHELTER.

the data in the table below. 24. In 1990, there was just one farmhouse on a square kilometer of land. The land was sold to a developer who planned to build a total of 20 houses. While some of the houses were being built, a scientist collected the data in the table below. a. The last four houses were built in the year 2000. Based on the data in the table, predict what happened to the number of rabbits in the year 2000. ___________________________________________ b. Explain how you arrived at this prediction. IT WOULD DROP DOWN TO ABOUT 12-14. BASED ON PREVIOUS DATA & BECAUSE FOUR HOUSES WERE BUILT.

25. Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of molecules of matter? 28. Which graph best represents the relationship between the amount of pollutants in the air and the quality of the air? 29. City administrators can encourage energy conservation by (1) lowering parking fees (2) building larger parking lots (3) decreasing the cost of gasoline (4) lowering the cost of bus and subway fares

26. Which group is made up of organisms that are all members of the same kingdom? (1) cat, frog, and mushroom (2) mold, bacteria, and apple tree (3) grass, worm, and shark (4) fern, rose bush, and corn plant 27. Which illustration is an example of a multicellular organism? 30. Extinction of a species is most likely to occur as a result of (1) evolution (3) selective breeding (2) migration (4) environmental change   31. Which graph shows that more grams of a substance can be dissolved in water as the water temperature increases? (1) (2) (3) (4)

a percentage of the adult value. 35. The data table below shows changes in four different measurements as a human develops from birth to adulthood. Each measurement is expressed as a percentage of the adult value. 32. The data table below shows the mass of an 800 g ice block as it melts to a 600 g block. Time (minutes) Mass of Block of Ice (grams) 15 30 45 60 800 750 700 650 600 According to the table, which measurement shows the greatest percentage increase from birth to age 5? (1) brain weight (3) height (2) head size (4) total body weight If the current rate of melting continues, how many more minutes will it take for the block to reach 400 g? (1) 15 (2) 45 (3) 30 (4) 60 33. Four different living things are shown 36. The diagrams below show three situations in which sugar will dissolve in water. Identify two variables that affect the rate at which the sugar will dissolve in the water. Which statement is true for all of the organisms? (1) They carry out photosynthesis. (2) They are multicellular. (3) They contain at least one cell. (4) They are consumers. (1) ______________________________________ (2) ______________________________________ WATER TEMPERATURE SHAPE OF THE SUGAR

IT WOULDN’T BE ATTRACTED & DROP *Base your answers to questions 37-38 on the diagram below, showing a metal paper clip attached to the base of a ring stand with a string. A magnet is attached to the ring stand with a clamp. 34. The diagrams below show two organisms. 37. What would happen to the paper clip if the string were cut? _____________________________________________ 38. Explain how this diagram would be different if the paper clip was made of plastic. ______________________________________________ How are these two organisms classified? (1) same kingdom, different species (2) same kingdom, same species (3) different kingdoms, same species (4) different kingdoms, different spec CLIP MOVES UP TO MAGNET IT WOULDN’T BE ATTRACTED & DROP

39. The beaker shown below contains four liquids of different densities. The blocks shown in the beaker represent four different solid materials. The table shows the densities of the four solid materials. WOOD PLASTIC Indicate where each of the four solid materials would be located by writing the name of each solid material in the space provided. RUBBER COPPER

41. A science class did an experiment to find out whether right-handed people catch better with the right hand than with the left hand. Five right-handed students each tried to catch a ball 20 times using the right hand and 20 times using the left hand. The results are shown below. 40. Place an X on the map below to indicate a location at 20° S 60° W. Identify two factors that should have been held constant in this experiment. (1) _____________________________________ (2) _____________________________________ SAME OBJECT TO CATCH SAME PERSON THROWING

43. The series of diagrams below shows a single-celled organism and its offspring that resulted from cell division over a period of 20 hours. 42. The diagram below shows a rabbit population at two different times. Which environmental factor may have contributed to the increase in the rabbit population? (1) decrease in resources (3) increase in disease (2) decrease in predators (4) increase in pollution If the organisms continue to reproduce asexually at this same rate, how many organisms will there be after 30 hours? (1) 6 (2) 8 (3) 7 (4) 16

*Base your answers to questions 44-45 on the graph below, which shows the average number of calories needed each day by young people. 44. How many more average daily calories are needed by a 17-year-old male than by a 17-year-old female? (1) 300 (2) 2700 (3) 500 (4) 3000   45. Which statement is supported by the graph? (1) At age 9, females need the same calories as males. (2) At age 14, females need more calories than males. (3) An 11-year-old child needs twice as many calories as a 6-year-old child. (4) An 8-year-old female needs fewer calories than a 5-year-old male.

Two identical columns contained equal volumes of different size *Base your answers to questions 46-47 on the diagram & information below. The diagram shows an experiment conducted to see how quickly water moves through different size particles of the same substance. Two identical columns contained equal volumes of different size particles. The same amount of water was added to the top of each column. A student timed how long it took for the water in each column to reach the wire screen. The data table below shows the results. 46. List 2 conditions that were held constant: (1) _________________________ & (2)__________________________ 47. State one conclusion based on this experiment. ____________________________________________________________________ AMOUNT OF WATER SAME TUBE (COLUMN) WATER MOVES QUICKER THROUGH LARGE PARTICLES THAN SMALL ONES.

*Base your answers to questions 48-49 on the information below. An experiment was done to study the amount of capillary action that occurs in a certain type of paper towel. Capillary action is the upward movement of liquid through tiny spaces. A strip of paper towel was held with one end in a glass of water. The water height in the towel was recorded every five seconds. Three trials were done using the same type of towel. The diagram shows the experimental setup and the data table shows the results of the experiment. 48. Identify factors that should remain constant in all three trials of this experiment. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. State one conclusion that can be drawn from the results of this experiment. TOWEL (SIZE, TYPE), AMOUNT OF WATER, TIME IN THE WATER, HOW FAR THE TOWEL IS PUT INTO THE WATER OOPS! I FORGOT THE DATA TABLE, SO DON’T WORRY ABOUT THIS ONE!!!!!