The Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg

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Presentation transcript:

The Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg Chapter 17: The Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Common Injuries Ankle sprains Arch sprains Blisters Turf toe Plantar fasciitis Heel bruise Heel spur Fractures Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Foot/Ankle Rehabilitation Exercises can be used both for rehabilitation and for prevention of injury. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Foot Muscle Strengthening Curl toes on top of a towel spread on the floor, causing the towel to bunch up. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Tibialis Anterior Muscle With one foot, step on an elastic band. Lift up the other foot with the elastic band wrapped around it. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Peroneus Brevis Muscle With one foot, step on an elastic band; evert the other foot. The closer the two feet are, the greater the resistance. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Tibialis Posterior Use a foot loop. Cross the leg muscle to be worked over the front of the other foot, which is placed above the band. Move the two feet in opposite directions. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Achilles Tendon Stretch Place the foot not to be stretched forward. Both feet point straight ahead. Slowly squat. Repeat with the back foot turned out about 35 to 45 degrees. Repeat with the back foot turned in about 30 to 45 degrees. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Special Tests Certain tests can be performed that aid in the evaluation of injury. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Thompson Test With the subject prone and legs bent at 90 degrees, the certified athletic trainer places hand and fingers around the lower leg. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Thompson Test (cont.) Lower leg muscles are squeezed. If the Achilles tendon is intact, the foot will plantar flex. If the foot does not move, the Achilles tendon is ruptured. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Anterior Drawer Test The top of the ankle is stabilized with one hand, and the heel pulled up with the other. Forward movement indicates a torn anterior talofibular ligament. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Plantar Fascia Test Pressing in the area of the injury near the medial calcaneus helps determine how much of the plantar fascia is affected. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Talar Tilt Test With the subject sitting and the ankle in a neutral position, grasp the calcaneus while holding the lower leg and apply direct inversion stress. The test is positive if the talus tilts out (injured calcaneofibular ligament). Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Tinel’s Sign Tap the tibial nerve just below the lateral malleolus. Radiating pain indicates an inflamed tibial nerve. Copyright ©2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.