Table of Contents Unit 2: Cells Left SidePg.Right SidePg. Unit Page22Table of Contents23 Brace Map – Cell Theory24C.N. Cell Theory25 Double Bubble26Comparing.

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Table of Contents Unit 2: Cells Left SidePg.Right SidePg. Unit Page22Table of Contents23 Brace Map – Cell Theory24C.N. Cell Theory25 Double Bubble26Comparing viruses & cells27

Unit 2: Cells: Cell Theory (Section 7-1)

Biology Standards 1. The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized areas of the organism’s cells. As a basis for understanding this concept: –C) Students know how prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells (including those from plants and animals), and viruses differ in complexity and general structure.

Learning Goals 1. Describe the 3 parts of the Cell Theory. 2. Compare and Contrast a Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell (Include at least 2 similarities and 3 differences) 3. Describe the characteristics of a virus. Is a virus a cell? Is a virus alive?

Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are basic units of life 3. All cells are made from other cells

Why Cells are Important What happens inside cells causes us to be who we are. (Genes) All diseases start at the level of the cell. All growth and life starts from a single cell.

Types of cells 1. Prokaryote2. Eukaryote

1. Prokaryotic Cells (Prokaryotes) Simplest, “primitive” cells with: –NO membrane-bound organelles (“little organs”) –NO nucleus: genetic material floats free in cell pro = before karyo = nucleus

Ex: Bacteria (Kingdom Monera) 2 Subdivisions: –1. Eubacteria – “true bacteria” –2. Archaea – “ancient bacteria” »Extremophiles: live in harsh environments (hot, acidic, salty)

2. Eukaryotic Cells (Eukaryotes) Unicellular or multicellular Cells contain: – a nucleus (with DNA) – membrane-bound organelles Eu = truekaryo = nucleus Complex internal structure –“Compartments” allow many different chemical reactions to take place simultaneously

Examples: –Kingdom Protista – protozoa, algae, amoeba Kingdom Fungi – mushrooms, molds, yeast

Kingdom Plantae (Plants)– ranges from moss to flowering plants Kingdom Animalia (Animals) – ranges from tiny worms to humans

What about Viruses? -Are they alive? What do you think? CONS –Cannot grow or replicate without host (dormant) –Are not cells PROS –Have genetic material (DNA or RNA) –Can replicate (with host) –Have a protein coat

Viruses NOT ALIVE!!! Made of DNA (or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat Are NOT cells & cannot grow

Viruses are extremely small!

Learning Goals 1. Describe the 3 parts of the Cell Theory. 2. Compare and Contrast a Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell (Include at least 2 similarities and 3 differences) 3. Describe the characteristics of a virus. Is a virus a cell? Is a virus alive?