1. Kingdoms and Domains Section 18-3
Objectives:
9.0 Differentiate between the previous five- kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems.
9.1 Sequencing taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive in the classification of living things

2. Expansion of the “Tree of Life” (1950’s)
How many kingdoms did Linnaeus name?
What were they?
Scientists soon realized microorganisms, such as protists and bacteria, did not belong in either of those two kingdoms, so a 3rd kingdom was created --- Protista. (Late 1800’s)
Next, Fungi: mushrooms, yeasts, and molds
Monera: bacteria and other prokaryotes

3. Six Kingdoms (1990’s)
Noted differences among members of the Monera kingdom led to dividing it into two kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
Six Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

4. Three Domains Classification System
Based on comparative studies of a small subunit of ribosomal RNA that occurs in all living things.
Three domains:
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
What organisms do you think these domains include?

5. Domain Bacteria Unicellular Prokaryotes
Cell walls contain peptidoglycan.
Corresponds to kingdom _____.

6. Domain Archaea Unicellular Prokaryotic
Live in Earth’s most extreme environments
Cell membranes contain lipids not found in any other organisms
Correspond to kingdom _____.

7. Domain Eukarya Contains ALL organisms that have a nucleus!
What kingdoms would be included?
We can identify members of the kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi.
Kingdom Protista
includes organisms with a nucleus, but that cannot be classified as fungi, plants, or animals.
has the greatest variety of organisms.

8. Examining Diagrams and Tables
Figures and summarize characteristics of kingdoms and domains.
Figure 18-13:
What type of diagram does this look like?
What do you think the big circle with a “?” in it means?