The Monarch Larva Monitoring Project: Citizens and Scientists Unraveling an Ecological Mystery
Outline Monarch Biology Introduction to the Monarch Larva Monitoring Project MLMP findings
Fall Migration
Spring Migration
The Monarch Larva Monitoring Project
MLMP Training
MLMP Protocol Volunteer and Choose a Site Gardens, parks, roadsides, prairies (need milkweed) Site Description Location, size, type Milkweed species and density Weekly Monitoring (2-3 hours) Estimate monarch densities Quantify milkweed quality Estimate parasitism rates Track weather conditions
Past and Current Monitoring Locations as of Summer 2003
Annual Variation in Egg densities: Upper Midwest
Maximum eggs/milkweed Egg densities: Upper Midwest
Survival Total # of 5ths Total # eggs approximate measure of survival from egg to 5 th instar =
Upper Midwest Survival (# of eggs on bars) # 5 th instars/# eggs
Tachinid Fly Parasitism
Upper Midwest Rates 2003 Rates in 2 Regions Proportion Parasitized
MLMP Extensions Monarchs and genetically modified crops (Bt corn and herbicide tolerant soybeans) Potential effects of climate change Impacts of land use changes Impacts of pesticides Impacts of environmental perturbations
Impacts of Environmental Perturbations January 2002 Mexico Storm
Maximum eggs/milkweed Egg densities: Upper Midwest
Key Motivators “My work may help promote monarch conservation” “My work is leading to increased understanding of monarch biology” “I am involved in real scientific research”
Scientific Outcomes Much can be learned from basic distribution and abundance data In addition, data can provide direction for experimental and theoretical research inform public policy and conservation efforts
Thanks!! MLMP volunteers throughout US and Canada, students Michelles Solensky and Prysby, Sonia Altizer, Liz Goehring, Jolene Lushine and many more NSF, Monarchs in the Classroom, and the Xerces Society