Kosser Expo – Automotive lubricants

Automotive lubricants USA China Far east Eastern europe KPI employs over 5,000 people worldwide. 4,000 fuel stations

Automotive lubricants Passenger cars Contracting machines Buses Buses Farming machines Trucks

On two wheels Motorcycles Scooters

Other automotive oil Engines Gear boxes ATFs Axles Hydraulics Wet brakes Greases Other

WHY ALL THESE NEW SPECIFICATIONS? EURO 5 EEV API GROUP I API CJ-4 ACEA C2 SCANIA LOW ASH MB 229.51 VOLVO VDS-4 API GROUP II ACEA C4 MB 228.51 ACEA C1 MB 229.31 ACEA C3 ACEA E9 API GROUP IV MAN 3277 CRT MAN 3477 SCANIA LDF-3 EURO 6 API GROUP III 10/04/2017

Protect exhaust cleaning CHALLENGES Exhaust emissions Protect exhaust cleaning Fuel Economy Low friction Performance Long drain intervals Engine protection

WHY IS BETTER OIL QUALITY NEEDED?

ACEA API Lubricants quality OEM JASO QUALITY SYSTEMS Volvo Volkswagen DaimlerChrysler BMW Porsche Peugeot Renault JASO

How many types of base oils are used for engine oils?

Protect exhaust cleaning CHALLENGES Exhaust emissions Protect exhaust cleaning Fuel economy Low friction Performance Long drain intervals Engine protection

Why is low fuel consumption so important?

Price for gasoline and diesel is enormous – and will only get worse Level of exhaust emissions are directly connected to fuel consumption

CAR MANUFACTURERS BIGGEST CHALLENGE SO FAR 130

130 gram CO2/km as average from 2012 Penalty charge for manufacturer: 20€ per g/km 2012 160 g/km makes 600€ per sold car 240 Million € for 400000 cars Volvo V70 2,5T (227) = +1940€ Volvo V70 2,4D (178) = +960€ SAAB 9-5 2,3T Biopower (212) = +1640€ 35€ per g/km 2013 60€ per g/km 2014 95€ per g/km 2015 For PC and LCV

Protect exhaust cleaning CHALLENGES Exhaust emissions Protect exhaust cleaning Fuel economy Low friction Performance Long drain intervals Engine protection

Cleaner exhaust

New era – New regulations Exhaust cleaning – new regulations EURO US similar For contractor machine Comments EURO I Not applicable any more EURO II Mot applicable any more EURO III ~US99 Stage IIIA Launched 1999 Could be bought till 1st October 2006 EURO IV ~US04 Stage IIIB Launched 2005 Mandatory from 1st October 2006 EURO V ~US07 Stage IV Launched 2008/2009 Mandatory end 2009 EURO VI Will be launched 2014 EEV Environmentally Enhanced Vehicle Tougher requirements for CH4, CO, PM and smoke Launched 1999 and could only be met wit Gas engines Can today be met with diesel engines EURO V+

SAPS – why/why not? SAPS = : Sulphated Ash Detergent additive AW additive Phosphorus Sulphur Base oil Fuel Can affect, block, deactivate and even destroy after treatment systems

Different exhaust treatment methods Description Expected efficiency for NOx Expected efficiency for particles Sensitive for Status EGR – Exhaust Gas Recirculation Recirculates ewhaust 50 % - 60 % NA - Commercially available SCR – Selective Catalytic Reduction Converts NOx to Nitrogen and Oxygen with Urea 70 % - 90 % 20 % - 30 % Sulfur ? Phosphorus ? DOC – Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Oxidizes HC and CO to CO2 and H2O i catalyst 30 % Sulfur Phosphorus Proven in field DPF – Diesel Particulate Filter CRT – Continuously Regenerating Trap Collects particles in filter/trap 80 % - 90 % Ash

What is the difference between Particle filters What is the difference between DPF and CRT

What does Ax/By och Cz mean? Low HTHS (fuel economy) High HTHS (engine protection) SAPS not limites A1/B1 A5/B5 A3/B3/B4 Mid SAPS C2 C3 Low SAPS C1 C4

Who wants/needs what? 2005 2006 2007 2008 VW BMW MB GM FIAT PSA FORD 503 (A3/B4) 506 (A3/B4) 504 (A3/B4) 507 (C3) BMW LL-04 (A3/B4) LL-04 (C3) MB 229.3 (A3/B4) 229.31 (C3) 229.5 (A3/B4) 229.31/51 (C2/C3) GM GM-LL-A-025 (A3/B4) GM-LL-B-025 (A3/B4) GM-LL-B-025 (C2/C3) FIAT A3/B4 C3/C2 PSA A1/B1 C2 FORD C1 RENAULT C4 Japan C1/C2? Korea

VOLVO & SAAB 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 VOLVO A3/B4 A5/B5 SAAB GM-LL-A-025 GM-LL-B-025

Our Q8 Formula range Product API ACEA MB VW BMW GM Ford Other Q8 Formula Elite 5W-30 SL/CF A1/B1, A5/B5 Q8 Formula Elite C2 5W-30 A1/B1, A5/B5, C2 Q8 Formula Excel 5W-40 SM/CF A3/B3/B4 229.3 502.00, 505.00, 505.01* LL01 GM-LL-B-025 Q8 Formula Exclusive C1 5W-30 A5/B5, C1 M2C 934A, M2C 912, M2C 913A, M2C 913B Mazda DPF Q8 Formula F1 10W-50 SM A3/B4 Q8 Formula Advanced 10W-40 229.1 505.00 Q8 Formula Special G Long Life 5W-30 A3/B3/B4, C3 229.51 LL-04 Dexos GM-LL-A-025, GM-LL-B-025 Q8 Formula Ultra 0W-30 Q8 Formula V Long Life 5W-30 A3/B4, C2*, C3 504.00, 507.00, 506.01* Q8 Formula Special 5W-30 229.31 Q8 Formula Techno FE 5W-30 SL A1/B1, A5 M2C 912, M2C 913A, M2C 913B M2C 913C Q8 Formula R Long Life 5W-30 A5/B5, C4 Renault RN 0720 Q8 Formula M Long Life 5W-40 A3/B4, C3 229.51, 229.31 502.00, 505.00

Q8 Formula G Long-Life 5W-30 VOLVO & SAAB 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 VOLVO Q8 Formula Excel 5W-40 Q8 Formula Elite 5W-30 * SAAB Q8 Formula G Long-Life 5W-30 * Also Q8 Formula Ultra 0W-30

What does ACEA Ex mean? Today's ACEA spec (replaces) Comment E2 (E1) Q8 T 520 Basic performance. Not recommended by any major truck OEM. Will become obsolete late 2008. E4 Q8 T 860 Q8 T 905 For EURO I-V under extremely severe operating conditions. For some EGR systems without DPF and some SCR systems. E6 Low SAPS with performance similar to E4 (almost). For EGR systems with or without DPF and for SCR systems. Specifically recommended for (DPF and CRT) systems. E7 (E5, E3) Q8 T 750 Q8 T 800 Q8 T 800 S For EURO I-V under severe operating conditions. Not suitable for DPF systems For most EGR and SCR systems. E9 Q8 T 760 Low (mid) SAPS with performance similar to E7. Very similar to API CJ-4. An attempt to harmonize API and ACEA specification. Launched late 2008. Volvo VDS-4 Scania LDF-3 MB 228.31

Different appetite wit OEMs OEM/Organisation Specifications ACEA E9, E7, E6, E4 API CJ-4, CI-4 Plus, CI-4 Volvo VDS-4 (CJ-4), VDS-3 (E7), Mack EO-O Premium Plus (CJ-4) Scania ”LDF-3” (E9), LDF-2 (E7), LDF (E4), ”Low Ash” (E6/E9) Mercedes 228.51 (E6), 228.31 (E9), 228.5 (E4), 228.3 (E7) MAN M3477 (E6), M3277 CRT (E4/E6), M3277 (E4) DAF HP-2 Renault VI RXD (E4), VI RLD (E7)

Q8 T range Olja API ACEA MB MAN Volvo Scania Q8 T 520 15W-40 CF-4/SG E2, A2/B2 228.1 VDS Q8 T 720 15W-40 CH-4/SJ E5, A3/B3 228.3 VDS-2 Q8 T 750 15W-40 CI-4/SL E7, A3/B4 3275 VDS-3 Q8 T 800 10W-40 Q8 T 860 10W-40 E4, E7 228.5 3277 LDF-2 Q8 T 900 10W-40 E6 228.51 3477, 3277 CRT Low Ash Q8 T 905 10W-40 E7, E6 228.51, 226.9 3477, 3277 CRT, 3271-1 VDS-3, Gas engines Q8 T 760 CJ-4 E9 228.31 VDS-4

Our two star HD Engine Oils Q8 T 860 10W-40 ACEA E7, E4 Volvo VDS-3 MAN M3277 MB 228.5 Scania LDF-2 Renault RXD DAF HP-2 Suitable for hauler and bus companies with MAN, MB, DAF, Scania, Volvo, Iveco etc Q8 T 905 10W-40 ACEA E7, E6 Volvo VDS-3 MAN M3477 MB 228.51 Renault RXD DAF HP-2 Suitable for hauler and bus companies with MAN, MB, Volvo, DAF, Iveco etc

New Q8 Trans XGS – Scania Q8 Trans XGS 75W-90 Q8 Trans XGS 75W-140 Replaces Q8 T 65 75W-140 API GL-5 Scania STO 1:0 (2:0)

VOLVO package Q8 SuperGear S Q8 T 65 75W-90 API GL-1 till 4 API GL-5

Thank you for your attention! Kuwait Petroleum International Lubricants