UNIT 5 WHY DO PEOPLE HELP EACH OTHER?

WHAT DO YOU SEE IN THE PICTURES?

Why do people help each other? Did your parents teach you to be helpful to others? Is being helpful something we learn, or is it human nature? Are there any situations in which you don’t think you should help someone? Can you explain it?

Why do people help each other? Listen to the Q Classroom, Track 2 on CD 2.

Why do people help each other? What are some situations in which people need help? You will see some situations in the next slide. Would you help? Why or why not?

Why do people help each other? A homeless person is asking for money. A tourist is looking at a map on a street corner.

Why do people help each other? A child falls down. A tourist is looking at a map on a street corner.

READING 1 Think that you are walking down a busy city sidewalk. You see someone in front of you fall down. Would you help this person?

READING 1 Now, imagine the same situation, but you are the only other person on the sidewalk? What would you do then?

READING 1 You are going to read an article from a news magazine that presents research on the bystander effect. The bystander effect describes how a group of ordinary people, suddenly in an emergency situation, react when help is needed.

TRUE/FALSE/IDS The bystander effect is one of the factors that influence people decision to help others. Social psychologists studied the bystander effect before the murder of Catherine Genovese. The bystander effect is a natural human reaction that occurs in situations in which help is needed. Darley and Latane’s experiment showed that having more witnesses meant that help was less likely. Children are more likely to help the people who are in need than adults. Darley and Latane studied the bystander effect by watching how how people behave in everyday situations.

TRUE/FALSE/IDS The bystander effect is one of the factors that influence people decision to help others. T Social psychologists studied the bystander effect before the murder of Catherine Genovese. F The bystander effect is a natural human reaction that occurs in situations in which help is needed. T Darley and Latane’s experiment showed that having more witnesses meant that help was less likely. T Children are more likely to help the people who are in need than adults. IDS Darley and Latane studied the bystander effect by watching how how people behave in everyday situations. F

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS How was the bystander effect first found out? Why didn’t the witnesses help Catherine Genovese according to Darley and Latane’s theory? How did Darley and Latane show that their theory was true?

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS It was first found out as a result of Catherine’s murder. Witnesses didn’t help because there were just too many of them and each person felt only a small responsibility. They set up an experiment with college students.

COMPLEX (adj.) The researchers have carried out many experiments to figure out …………… structure of human brain which is difficult to understand. difficult to understand COMPLICATED

PROVE (v.) He claims the police destroyed the records that could …………. the officer’s guilt. His claim is that the records which could show that the officer was guilty were destroyed by the police. to show that sth. is true

RESPONSIBILITY (n.) It is their …………….. to make sure that the rules are enforced. It is their duty. a job or duty that you must do

WITNESS (n.) One ……………. to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk. A person who saw the accident told that the driver was drunk. a person who sees something happen and who can tell other people about it later.

THEORY (n.) There are different ………….. about how the brain works. People have different ideas about the working system of the brain. an idea or set of ideas that tries to explain something

FACTOR(n.) The vaccination program has been a major …………. in the improvement of health standards. something that affects a decision or situation

END UP (phr. v.) I thought that my mother would clean the house, but I …………….. doing all the work myself. to find yourself in a place or situation that you didn’t intend or expect

APPLY TO (phr. v.) Do the same rules ………………. part time workers? I mean do the same rules involve part time workers? to concern or involve someone or something

DISCUSSION Have you ever not helped someone who needed help? What factors might make someone choose not to help a stranger? In general, which people do you think are more helpful to strangers in need: people who live in cities or people who live in small towns? Why? Do you think that a person’s culture can be a factor in making him or her a more helpful person? Why or why not?