Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 1 Presentation Excellence A Core Leadership Attribute Seminar on Public Communication Created By: D. Matthew Sullivan, MD, FACEP Associate Director, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC John A. Marx, MD, FACEP, Professor and Past-Chair Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC Tenet Editor: Jeffrey Druck, MD, FACEP Associate Director, Denver Health Residency in Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine

Why Are You Here? As an excellent presenter… You can be an excellent teacher Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 2 Siebold, J of Appl Comm Res, May 1993

Outline Adult Learning Development & Preparation Presentation & Delivery Challenges Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 3

Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 4 Adult Learning “Education Theory”

Adult Learning Theory is extensive Technology plays a role Pertains to Emergency Medicine Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 5

Adult Learning - Malcolm Knowles “Father” of Andragogy Principles of adult education Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 6

Adult Learning - Andragogy Need to know why they are learning Experience provides a basis for education Responsible for learning Interested in immediate relevance Problem-centered rather than content- oriented Adults respond better to motivators Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 7 Knowles, Informal Adult Education, 1950

Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 8 Preparation & Development “Building blocks of teaching”

Preparation & Development Audience & Location Subject & Organization Slides & Equipment Review & Rehearsal Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 9

Preparation & Development - Audience & Location Expectations Demographics Level of knowledge How will you fulfill their goals? Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 10 Alon U, Molecular Cell, Oct 2009

Preparation & Development - Audience & Location The Audience can listen to words per min We speak at words per min The audience is listening to you… …only 25% of the time! Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 11

Preparation & Development - Audience & Location 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say 90% of what they say and do Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 12

Preparation & Development - Audience & Location Room size Seating arrangement Lighting and sound system Screen location vs. multiple screens Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 13

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Assigned topic Focused vs. overview Core topic Your topic Your research Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 14

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Pick 5 points you want to cover Arrange appropriately Avoid covering too much Time it perfectly Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 15 Turk C, Effective Speaking: Communication in Speech, 1985

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Intro Background Topics 1 – 5 Conclusion Questions 5 min 6 min 7 min/topics 6 min 5 min Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 16 Timing: “5-6-7”

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Begin on time Show the audience your organization If you think you are funny… … make sure you are Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 17 Morgan N, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, May 2001

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Tell them (3 T’s) –Tell them what you’re going to tell them –Tell them –Tell them what you told them Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 18 Morgan N, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, July 2001

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Summarize –Make the ending consistent –Take a stand and defend it –Give people a take-home message Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 19

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Questions: –Allow time –Ensure the entire audience hears –Directly answer people –Don’t point / ridicule / play down –Give your contact at the end Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 20 Vik G, Bus Comm Quarterly, June 2004

Preparation & Development - Subject & Organization Hand-out –Is it required? –Often electronic –Dependent on the venue –Formal hand-out vs. slide print out Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 21

Preparation & Development - Slides & Equipment Podium Lavaliere microphone Thumb drive (backup) Laptop and projector Know the technology Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 22

Preparation & Development - Review & Rehearsal Review Rehearse Review Rehearse Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 23

Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 24 Presentation & Delivery “Teaching is a learned art”

Presentation & Delivery - Your Style Memorized vs. ad-lib style Notes within PowerPoint Automatic slide transitions Rehearse your presentation Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 25 Lunemann R, Tech Comm, Aug 2008

Presentation & Delivery - Preparing for Success Be ready Go early Test your gear Visualize yourself Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 26 Pratt C, Public Rel Quart, 2003

Presentation & Delivery - First Impression Dress professionally Avoid flashy jewelry You are NOT trying to stand out Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 27

Presentation & Delivery - First Impression 1st moments crucial to engage audience Be careful with jokes Possible “Ice Breakers” Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 28 Morgan N, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, May 2002 & Jul 2003

Presentation & Delivery - First Impression Give the goals up-front Reveal take-home message early Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 29

Presentation & Delivery - Non-Verbals Eye contact Body position Gestures Speaking Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 30 Krattenmaker T, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Dec 1999

Presentation & Delivery - Voice Control Your voice is the most effective tool Change the cadence – pauses Avoid rapid speech Avoid verbal automatisms Silence can be effective Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 31 Khodarahmi S, Comm World, Feb 2007 Bierck R, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Apr 2001

Presentation & Delivery - Body Control Appropriate body image Avoid automatisms Hand control Don’t lean on the podium Don’t turn away from the audience Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 32 Genard G, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, 2004

Presentation & Delivery - The Ten Be’s 1.Yourself 2.Comfortable 3.Honest 4.Brief 5.Human 6.Personal 7.Positive 8.Attentive 9.Energetic 10.Committed Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 33 Obuchowski J, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, 2006 Humphrey J, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Oct 2001

Presentation & Delivery - The Presentation You are the primary audiovisual Use your slides as enhancement Know your talk cold Practice Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 34 Markel M, Tech Comm, May 2009 Baker W, Bus Comm Quarterly, Jun 2004

Presentation & Delivery - Making Slides “The basics will go a long way” Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 35

Presentation & Delivery - Making Slides The Ten Commandments for creating good slides Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 36 Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Jul 1999

1. Keep It Simple Especially if it is crucial to your talk Give it to people straight up Minimize the overly complex Maximize the relevant Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 37 Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Jan 2001

2. Talk More – Show Less If you put a bunch of text on the screen and the content is important to your talk, the audience will be much more drawn to your pretty colored slides than listening to you – even if you say the same thing that is on the slide Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 38 Robertson A, Tech Comm, Feb 2009

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people dont careSome people dont care Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 39

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people dont careSome people dont care All caps vs. only 1 st word Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 40

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people dont careSome people dont care Period vs. period No period Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 41

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people dont careSome people dont care Verb tense Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 42

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people dont careSome people dont care Typos Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 43

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people don’t CareSome people don’t Care Shadow & its color Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 44

3. Be Visually Consistent This Is Hard This take compulsiveness. Some people don’t CareSome people don’t Care Consistent text color is importantConsistent text color is important Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 45

4. One Message Per Slide If you violate this rule … You’ll violate other commandments Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 46

5. No Slide Apologies “I’m sorry this doesn’t project well” “My colors are hideous” “I did this at the last minute” Bottom line: slides should be great Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 47

6. Design For the Back Tiny text is no good “Prairie dog” real-estate

7. Use Readable Font Certain fonts are not options As are a bunch of others AVOID ALL UPPERCASE Avoid Italics Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 49

7. Use Readable Font - Standard Typefaces Arial Comic Sans MS Verdana Calibri Times Roman Courier Helvetica Palatino Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 50

7. Use Readable Font - Never Use Red Text Why, you ask? Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 51

8. Beware Slide Gimmicks It can distract the audience to nausea Some transitions may be effective Slide transitions should be smooth Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 52

8. Beware Slide Gimmicks - Animation Animating bullets Color transitions and fading A powerful tool for delivery Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 53 Von Hoffman C, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Jun 1999

8. Beware Slide Gimmicks - Audiovisual Imbedded video and sound Difficult with some platforms File size becomes large Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 54 Marton B, Harvard Manag Comm Letter, Apr 2000

9. Make Title Headlines Defines the slide Focuses the listener Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 55 Alley M, Tech Comm, May 2006

10. Drive 55 5 words per line 5 lines per slide Difficult guideline Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 56 Katt J, Human Comm, 2008

Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 57 Exemplary Mistakes “Life as a slide critic”

Internet Junk Image quality may be poor Often unrelated, unnecessary filler You don’t know who owns what Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 58

Avoid Internet Junk Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 59

Avoid the Collage Show important images Don’t run images over text You are not Andy Warhol Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 60

Designer amphetamines MDMA (“Ecstacy”) MDEA Khat Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 61

Use 10 Commandments Simplistic Important Difficult to always do Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 62 DuFrene D, Bus Comm Quart, Mar 2004

Toxocariasis - Epidemiology Wherever humans and dogs coexist Humans become infected by the ingestion of an infected egg Larvae hatch in the small intestine and migrate for months through every tissue of the body until they become overwhelmed by the host Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 63

Splitting Your Slides If a single slide is too busy … Distribute related material You will connect the material Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 64

History #1 Symptom = joint pain –exacerbated by passive or active motion –often minimal in immunocompromised –children often will not use affected limb –hip pain often referred to thigh and knee Fever reported in 80% children and 40% adults Constitutional symptoms inconsistent Presence of underlying joint disease? Medications that can alter course? Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 65

Watch Auto-formatting Inherent in the software Know your technology Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 66

Bacterial brucella gonococcus H flu meningococcus mycoplasma pneumococcus salmonella serratia staphylococcus strep pneumo treponema vibrio Protozoa Toxoplasma Trypanosoma (Chagas)- most common worldwide Parasitic Echinococcus Paragonimus Taenia solium Trichinella Wicheria Fungal, Rickettsial, Spirochetal Viral adenovirus coxsackievirus CMV echovirus EBV Hep A/B/C HSV HIV influenza measles RSV VZV Other Medications- toxic and immune mediated Anthracyclines Ethanol Cocaine Autoantigens- IBD IDDM Kawasaki’s Sarcoid Scleroderma SLE Wegeners Heavy Metals

Fastidious Slide-making Don’t be rushed Read your slides carefully Strictly avoid typos Show your slides to others Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 68

Introduction US Public Health Service recommended the standard of 50 ppb of As in the nation’s drinking water Standard of 50 ppb set by the EPA NAS completed a review of existing data and reccommended that the EPA lower the standard New std of 5 ppb established and then placed on hold by new administration Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 69

Avoid Busy, Ugly Slides Audience will ignore you Ugly is ugly Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 70

Take a deep breath…and smileTake a deep breath…and smile Talk to one person at a timeTalk to one person at a time Beta-blockers if absolutely desperateBeta-blockers if absolutely desperate What’s the worst that could happen if you blow it?What’s the worst that could happen if you blow it? Page W, J of Bus Comm, 1985

Avoid Scanning Stuff Hard to do well Newspaper Charts and legends Manuscript masthead Rarely aligned in the horizontal Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 72

Nerve Block Volumes Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 73

Rabies - NC Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 74

Crop The Legend People focus on the illegible You will lose the audience Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 75

Plasmids Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 76

Watch Title Over-run Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 77

Resistant Isolates of Strep National Pneumococcal Sentinel Surveillance System Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 78

Don’t Include Too Much Hard to read Overwhelming Likely not important Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 79

Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 80

Final Do’s and Don’ts Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 81

Do Dress for Success Dark rather than light White / Light shirt Appropriate tie Long hair off face Simple jewelry Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 82

Don’t Arrive unkempt Dress poorly Dress down Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 83

Do Use a pointer Learn how to use one Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 84

Don’t Overuse the pointer Shake the laser pointer “Color” with the pointer Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 85

Do Proofread your slides More than just the spell-check Put blank slides in for breaks / ending Use multi-media effectively Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 86 Hentz B, Bus Comm Quart, Dec 2006

Don’t Put multi-media in because you can Give up on commandments Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 87

Do Budget your time Constrain our content Make excellent slides Practice Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 88 Giuliano C, Pub Rel Quart, 2003

Do Engage the audience with your motions Move around with purpose to engage Maintain eye contact as you move Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 89

Don’t Pace Hide Sit Rock Tap Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 90

Don’t Chew gum Show pornographic images Use profanity Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 91

Don’t Reference religion Show gratuitous violence Display over-the-top or “edgy” pictures –The dead –The horrific Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 92

Summary Target the audience Tell the “right” story Don’t cover too much “Ten Commandments” of slide making Engage in good public speaking skills Public Communication – Presentations & Public Speaking 93

National Residency Leadership Curriculum Questions? ?

National Residency Leadership Curriculum Special Thanks! Funded By: An American College of Emergency Physicians Chapter Grant Endorsed By: American College of Emergency Physicians Council of Residency Directors for Emergency Medicine Emergency Medicine Resident’s Association Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

National Residency Leadership Curriculum Special Thanks! Senior Editors: Stephen Wolf, MD, FACEP Andrew French, MD Matthew Mendenhall, MD, MPH Tenet Editors: Britney Anderson, MD Barbara Blok, MD, FACEP Jeffrey Druck, MD, FACEP Maria Moreira, MD Lee Shockley, MD, MBA, FACEP Administrative Editor: Barbara Burgess

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