The World At War Chapter 18

On the Rise in 1914 POSITIVES -Steel, Coal, Iron were making large profits -Selling goods around the world -Automobiles were replacing horse and buggy -Most Americans could afford the car -Country was growing quickly NEGATIVES -World War I

The First World War: When? When? War involving nearly all the nations of the world What? What? Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his Wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg one hour before their deaths, June 28, 1914

The First World War: Who? Who? Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Russia France Great Britain Italy Japan United States (1917) Central Powers:Allies:

One Event Brings War Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austria-Hungary throne) got killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austria-Hungary throne) got killed Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia The Archdukes murder was an excuse to begin war The Archdukes murder was an excuse to begin war Read pg. 290

America Stays Neutral President- Woodrow Wilson President- Woodrow Wilson Slogan for re-election: He kept us out of war! Slogan for re-election: He kept us out of war!

Why did it take so long for America to get involved in the war? America was isolationist America was isolationist Why should I get involved in someone elses problems Why should I get involved in someone elses problems

Why Did US Get Involved?

-Germany (Central Power) decided to end British control of oceans. -Germany (Central Power) decided to end British control of oceans. -They wanted to stop shipments to Allies. -They wanted to stop shipments to Allies. -German submarines sunk British ships. -German submarines sunk British ships.

Why Did US Get Involved? -May A German sub sank the passenger liner Lusitania. -May A German sub sank the passenger liner Lusitania. American civilians were killed American civilians were killed -US entered WWI (Allie Power) -US entered WWI (Allie Power)

The Lusitania

Democracy vs. Dictatorship Democracy is run by all the people of the country. Democracy is run by all the people of the country. Dictatorship is run by one person. Dictatorship is run by one person.

The Zimmerman Letter Arthur Zimmerman (a German) Arthur Zimmerman (a German) -sent letter to Mexico promising them land in Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico if they sided with them -sent letter to Mexico promising them land in Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico if they sided with them -Allied Powers intercepted the letter -Allied Powers intercepted the letter

US Enters War April 6, US became Allied Power April 6, US became Allied Power US provided the money, food, supplies, and troops to win the war. US provided the money, food, supplies, and troops to win the war.

Trench Warfare

Chlorine & Mustard Gas

Flamethrower

U-Boats

The Zeppelin

Poisonous Gas German military scientists experimented with gas as a weapon. Gas in battle was risky: Soldiers didnt know how much to use, and wind changes could backfire the gas. Then Germans threw canisters of gas into the Allies trenches. Many regretted using gas, but British and French forces began using it too, to keep things even. Tanks When soldiers began to carry gas masks, they still faced a stalemate. British forces soon developed armored tanks to move into no-mans-land. These tanks had limited success because many got stuck in the mud. Germans soon found ways to destroy the tanks with artillery fire. New Weapons of War Airplanes Both sides used planes to map and to attack trenches from above. Planes first dropped brinks and heavy objects on enemy troops. Soon they mounted guns and bombs on planes. Skilled pilots sought in air battles called dogfights. The German Red Baron downed 80 Allied planes, until he was shot down.

The End of WWI Germany ran out of troops Germany ran out of troops The Allies won the war! The Allies won the war! The League of Nations- Countries would meet and work out their problems. Act as a world court of law. Other countries liked the idea, but Wilson could not get Senate to agree. US did not join it. The League of Nations- Countries would meet and work out their problems. Act as a world court of law. Other countries liked the idea, but Wilson could not get Senate to agree. US did not join it.

Back at Home While men fought the war who would work the factories? While men fought the war who would work the factories? -women -women

How did the War Affect the US? Women Women Women filled factory jobs May have led 19th Amendment after the war (Gave women the right to vote) Black soldiers still served in Segregated Units African Americans African Americans Great Migration - thousands of African Americans moved North to work in factories