П РЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ПО ТЕМЕ «П УТЕШЕСТВИЕ В АВСТРАЛИЮ » 9 КЛАСС Учебник “New Millennium English – 9” Cоставитель: учитель английского языка МАОУ СОШ № 9 г. Калининграда Еремеева Елена Николаевна

F ROM C OLONIZATION TO U RBANIZATION Aboriginal settlers arrived on the continent from Southeast Asia about 40,000 years before the first Europeans began exploration in the 17th century. No formal claims were made until 1770, when Capt. James COOK took possession in the name of Great Britain.

A BORIGINES Aborigines were the first or earliest people known. Aborigines lived in Australia for at least 12,000 years before they appeared in Europe.

C OLONIZATION AND U RBANIZATION II The British first used Australia as a penal colony because of the lack of prison space in the UK. British posts were set up around the perimeter of the “Outback”; which was where the prisoners were kept. These posts grew into cities as more British ventured to Australia. Eventually, these developed into the major cities of Australia. Colonization is an example of one of the many ways that human involvement has shaped Australia today.

C APITAL Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth- largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 280 km (170 mi) south-west of Sydney, and 660 km (410 mi) north-east of Melbourne. A resident of Canberra is known as a "Canberran".

S YDNEY Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people. Inhabitants of Sydney are called Sydneysiders, comprising a cosmopolitan and international population. Sydney ranks among the top 10 world centers. [ It has hosted major international sporting events, including the 1938 British Empire Games, the 2000 Summer Olympics, and the final match of the 2003 Rugby World Cup. The main airport serving Sydney is Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport.

Brisbane Sydney For other city slides click: Australia Pics

S UPER P IT GOLD MINE The Fimiston Open Pit, colloquially known as the Super Pit, is Australia's largest open cut gold mine. The Super Pit is located off the Goldfields Highway on the south-east edge of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. The pit is oblong in shape and is approximately 3.5 kilometres long, 1.5 kilometres wide and 360 metres deep. At these dimensions, it is large enough to be seen from space. The Super Pit is owned by Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines Pty Ltd, a company owned 50/50 by Barrick Gold Corporation and Newmont Mining Corporation. The mine produces 850,000 ounces (28 tonnes) per year of gold, and employs around 550 employees directly on site.

U LURU Uluru also known as Ayers Rock, is a large sandstone rock formation in the southern part of the Northern Territory, central Australia. It lies 335 km (208 mi) south west of the nearest large town, Alice Springs; 450 km (280 mi) by road. Kata Tjuta and Uluru are the two major features of the Ulu ṟ u-Kata Tju ṯ a National Park. Uluru is sacred to the A ṉ angu, the Aboriginal people of the area. The area around the formation is home to a plethora of springs, waterholes, rock caves and ancient paintings. Uluru is listed as a World Heritage Site.

T HE G REAT B ARRIER R EEF The Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site. It holds numerous species of fish, marine mammals, as well as aquatic plants and corals. One section of the reef, Dangerous Reef, has one of the worlds greatest population of great white sharks.

G REAT B ARRIER R EEF II More and more people from all over the world visit Australia every year. The reef is one of the foremost reasons for Australian tourism. This plays a major role in the shaping of Australia’s economy and urbanization to the coastal cities.

Great Barrier Reef

Great Barrier Reef

T HE O UTBACK The Outback is a physical “no-mans land”. Also called “The Bush”, the environment is not as human friendly as is Australia’s coasts. Therefore, the population numbers of the outback are very sparse. Because of the physically rugged land, there are few towns; such as Cuber Peaty.

T HE O UTBACK II Because of the physical nature of the outback, Australia’s cities are becoming very urbanized. This is an example of the physical environment that has shaped Australia.

Outback Roads

Ayers Rock Aboriginal Art

F ORESTS OF A USTRALIA Plantation forests (softwood and some hardwood) have been defined as an eighth group which covers trees planted for commercial use. The majority of Australia's trees are hardwoods, typically eucalypts, rather than softwoods like pine. While softwoods dominate some native forests, their total area is judged insufficient to constitute a major forest type in Australia's National Forest Inventory.

E UCALYPTS Eucalypts are woody plants belonging to three closely related genera: Eucalyptus, Corymbia a nd Angophora. In 1995 new evidence, largely genetic, indicated that some prominent Eucalyptus species were actually more closely related to Angophora than to the other eucalypts; they were split off into the new genus Corymbia. Although separate, the three groups are allied and it remains acceptable to refer to the members of all three genera Angophora, Corymbia a nd Eucalyptus as "eucalypts"

K ANGAROO Kangaroos hop around and have pouches for their babies called joeys. An adult male kangaroo is called a boomer. An adult female is called a flyer.

K OALA Koalas are bear like animals that keep their baby in a little pouch. Plus they are not a part of the bear family.Plus they are a marsupial.

W OMBAT The Wombat is the largest digging animal. It is awake at night and it eats plants.It is like a mole.They are also a marsupial.

D INGO Dingoes are dog- like animals that live in Australia. They are awake mostly at night and eat meat.They are in the dog family.

W ALLABY The Wallaby is an animal that has a pouch to keep it’s baby in. It eats grass and plants.Plus it is smaller the a kangaroo.They are also a marsupial.

K OOKABURRA The Kookaburra is a large bird that’s call sounds like human laughter.