Thesis Statement Notetaking, Citing Sources, and Bibliography World War II Introduction Positive/Negative Effect on War Shape Outcome of the War or affect on society after the war

Thesis Statement Two parts Topic Comment or Argument (the main idea you want the reader to understand.)

Examples of Organization Grids World War II Essay Thesis: Topic and argument about the topic Example: The Bataan Death March (topic) was unintentionally worsened by weakened conditions of US troops and the large numbers of POWs; however, attitudes of the Japanese as well as deliberate cruelty contributed to the large death toll in this march. Introduction Background on surrender at Bataan Positive Effects unintential factors Negative Effects Deliberate cruelty Shape outcome of war or affect society attitudes after the war Anti-Japanese sentiment led to Atom bomb.

What type of notetaking? Type of information Notes Facts Bulleted, brief notes Technical discussion Paraphrase in own or background info words Distinctive wording Quotation (Vargas 1985)

What type of note is this? “On the subsequent ‘Bataan Death March,’ the Japanese drove the 70,000 POWs…on a brutal 65-mile journey to prison. Some 600 Americans and nearly 10,000 Filipinos died.” (“Bataan Death March”)

Use Brief Bullets for Facts Bataan Death March 70,000 POWs 65-miles to prison 600 Americans died 10,000 Filipinos died

Quotations: A balancing act Use sparingly Choose for distinctive phrasing Link with own interpretations

US Pilot William E. Dyess describing the Bataan Death March “I never can forget their groans and strangled breathing as they tried to get up. Some succeeded. Others lay lifelessly where they had fallen….There was a sharp crackle of pistol and rifle fire behind us….(The) helpless victims, sprawled darkly against the white of the road, were easy targets.”

Put quote in context Introduce quote by describing who is saying it What is quote saying (paraphrase) How quote relates to main point of paper (Price 2002)

Quote used in a paragraph and citation Japanese cruelty added to the massive death toll of the Bataan Death March. US pilot William E. Dyess described how those POWs who fell from exhaustion on the march became “helpless victims” and “easy targets” as the Japanese shot and killed those who had fallen on the march (Cohen and Major 835-36). Because the POWs were not seen as humans,seen as “targets,” the POWs were treated cruelly to make the march move quickly; the Japanese did not want to be slowed down to care for the sick.

Introducing a longer quote in a paper Japanese cruelty added to the massive death toll of the Bataan Death March. US pilot William E. Dyess described the fate of those POWs who fell from exhaustion on the march: I never can forget their groans and strangled breathing as they tried to get up. Some succeeded. Others lay lifelessly where they had fallen….There was a sharp crackle of pistol and rifle fire behind us….(The) helpless victims, sprawled darkly against the white of the road, were easy targets. (Cohen and Major 835-36) Not only did the Japanese push the POWs to the point of exhaustion, but any POWs who fell were promptly shot and killed. According to the US pilot, the Japanese treated POWs as nonhumans, targets to be quickly destroyed.

For source with no author, as in an online source, paraphrase in your paper and citation uses (“Article Title”). Transporting the large numbers of POWs in hot, airless train boxcars also led to prisoner deaths (“Bataan Death March”).

Paraphrase: Citation introduced in natural flow of sentence. Transporting the large numbers of POWs by train also led to large deaths. According to the “Bataan Death March” article in World at War database, many POWs died in the overcrowded boxcars which became very hot and airless.

Bibliography “Bataan Death March.” Encyclopedia of American History. Vol. 8. Detroit: Gale, 1998. 34. Print. “Bataan Death March.” World at War. ABC-CLIO. 2013. Web. 29 Apr 2013. Cohen, M.J. and John Major. History in Quotations. London: Cassell, 2004. 835-36. Print.