Objective: Today we will learn how to integrate evidence and properly cite sources. Integrate: (verb) make into a whole or make part of a whole WRITE this at the top of a new page in your Cornell Notes!!

 Tuesday, October 15 : Evidence integration revision  Wednesday, October 16: Computer lab G108 – turnitin.com training and formatting training.  Thursday, October 17: Revision or work on descriptive outlining  Friday, October 18: ESSAYS DUE.

It is important to use evidence:  To support your arguments  To add credibility to your arguments  To avoid being accused of plagiarism CFU: which reason is most important to you? Why should you use evidence in your essay?

In order to support your thesis and the arguments that your topic sentences make, you need to find evidence. This evidence proves that your argument is indeed correct.

The evidence that you used came mostly from the articles that we read in class. In order to take ideas from these articles, there are two methods: 1. Direct Quotation 2. Paraphrasing

1. Direct Quotation If you find a sentence from the text that concisely states the point that you want to make then just copy the sentence directly from the article.  YOU SHOULD USE DIRECT QUOTATION WHEN THE SENTENCE IS SHORT. But don’t forget to acknowledge the author for saying it first, so you can use one of the following sentence frames to do so.

Sentence Frames for Quotation: X states, “…” According to X in the article …., “…” In X’s view, “…” X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” In addition to mentioning the author and the title of their work, at the end of the sentence put the author’s name and the page or paragraph number in parenthesis (author name p. 3) to show where the quote came from.

Original Quote: “If you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too,” said Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from Orland Park, a Chicago suburb. Using one of the sentence frames on your Guided Practice sheet, try to properly cite this quote on your own. DON’T FORGET TO PUT AUTHOR’S NAME AND PARAGRAPH NUMBER : (Greenhouse p. 25)

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

Sentence Frame: X agrees with (a person or idea) when s/he writes, “…” My version: Matthew Sheehey, a high school senior from a Chicago suburb, agrees with Abercrombie’s methods in hiring only attractive people when he states, “if you see an attractive person working in the store wearing Abercrombie clothes, it makes you want to wear it, too”(Greenhouse p. 25).

2. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing is great when you want to use the ideas the author communicates over a long piece of writing but you don’t want to waste space in your own paper by directly quoting them. Paraphrasing basically means to take what the author says and put it into your own words. Even though you are changing their words around, you are still taking the author’s idea, so remember to give credit where credit’s due! (Greenhouse 23)  Paraphrase when there’s a long quote.

We can use many of the same sentence starters that we did with Direct Quotation. In addition, here are some different sentence frames for saying “the author says”: The author believesThe author comments The author declaresThe author explains The author notesThe author reports The author confirmsThe author points out

 Original Quote: Stephen J. Roppolo, a New Orleans lawyer who represents many hotels and restaurants, said: “Hiring someone who is attractive isn’t illegal per se. But people’s views on what’s attractive may be influenced by their race, their religion, their age. If I think Caucasian people are more attractive than African-American people, then I may inadvertently discriminate in some impermissible way. I tell employers that their main focus needs to be hiring somebody who can get the job done. When they want to hire to project a certain image, that’s where things can get screwy.” Now you attempt to make a paraphrased version

 Original Quote: Stephen J. Roppolo, a New Orleans lawyer who represents many hotels and restaurants, said: “Hiring someone who is attractive isn’t illegal per se. But people’s views on what’s attractive may be influenced by their race, their religion, their age. If I think Caucasian people are more attractive than African-American people, then I may inadvertently discriminate in some impermissible way. I tell employers that their main focus needs to be hiring somebody who can get the job done. When they want to hire to project a certain image, that’s where things can get screwy.” My version: Stephen J. Roppolo, a lawyer who represents many restaurants and hotels, points out that even though hiring by looks isn’t technically illegal, employers should still focus on hiring people with skills because they might accidentally discriminate against certain groups of people if they hire by looks.

1. Find a quote that gives you the evidence to support your topic sentence. 2. Decide if you will directly quote or paraphrase. 3. Use the sentence frames to get the quote or paraphrase ready for your paper. 4. Make sure the author’s name is mentioned and that the page or paragraph number is noted at the end of the quote or paraphrase.

 NOW YOU TRY! Use your guided practice worksheet.

 Why do you need evidence from the articles in your essay?  Why is it important to cite your evidence in your essay?  How do you decide whether to quote or paraphrase?

 Think about the article “Looks Matter” that you read with the substitute on Monday.  Is there any evidence in that article that you could use to strengthen your essay?  Find a piece of evidence and quote or paraphrase it, using the appropriate sentence frame and citation.