AI Surveillance on wild birds & domestic animals in Mongolia & domestic animals in Mongolia Kenji SAKURAI OIE Asia-Pacific 28 April 2009

I Objectives: To strengthen HPAI control & prevention measures, To strengthen HPAI control & prevention measures, To enhance the awareness of risk of HPAI introduction, To enhance the awareness of risk of HPAI introduction, through the following activities: through the following activities: 1)AI virus study in wild birds and domestic animals along migratory flyways. 2)Analyses of characteristics of AI viruses isolated from wild birds and domestic animals. 3)Establishment of a database of isolated AI viruses from wild birds and domestic animals. 4)Tracking of wild birds to monitor their flying routes. Outline of AI surveillance - 1

II. Method: 1. Surveillance; (1) Migratory birds, (2) Domestic animals, along migratory flyways 2. Establishment of a database of AI viruses: 2. Establishment of a database of AI viruses: OIE Reference Laboratory (Hokkaido University) III. Implementation period: (5-year) Outline of AI surveillance - 2

1.Phase I (JFY ): East and Southeast Asian Regions  Vietnam  Hong Kong  Mongolia (to be confirmed)  Laos Outline of AI surveillance - 3 IV. Target countries/territories: 2. Phase II (JFY ): South Asian Region  Mongolia (to be confirmed)  2-3 countries (to be determined) 3.Phase III (JFY 2012): Target countries will be determined considering results of Surveillance in phase I and II.

AI Surveillance on wild birds & domestic animals Wild birds (Migratory birds) 1.Objectives: (1)Tracking of wild birds to monitor their flying routes (2)Study of possession of AI virus in wild birds 2. Activities: (1) Capturing, (2) Identification (3) Marking/Ringing, (4) Sampling (5) Tracking, (6) AI virus study Domestic animals 1. Objectives: Study of possession of AI virus in domestic animals 2. Activities: (1)Sampling from domestic animals (poultry, etc.) (2)AI virus study Establishment of database of isolated AI viruses

Surveillance on Wild Birds Target species: Anseriformes Anatidae Mainly focusing on the following species in Anseriformes Anatidae, considering what kind of on species of wild birds would be found in each target country:  Northern Pintail (Anas Acuta)  Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos)  Bar-headed Goose (Anser Indicus)  Whooper Swan (Cygnus Cygnus), etc. 2. Number of birds to be captured: 100 birds Approximately 100 birds

Surveillance on Wild Birds Marking of captured wild birds: Three kinds of mark will be put on captured birds. Three kinds of mark will be put on captured birds. (1)Transmitter: Five birds (2)Color ring: 100 birds (3)Metal ring: 100 birds 4. Collecting of samples for AI virus study: (1) Three categories of samples will be collected from 100 birds: 1) Cloacal swab, 2) Tracheal swab, 3) Blood (2) Total number of samples: 300 samples (100-bird x 3 categories)

4. Sampling from environment: (1) Samples will be collected from surrounding areas of capturing site of wild birds. (2) Categories and numbers of samples are as follows: Dead birds  Dead birds:10 birds 1) Cloacal swab, 2) Tracheal Swab, 3) Tissues Fresh feces of birds:  Fresh feces of birds: samples Lake/pond water  Lake/pond water: samples Surveillance on Wild Birds - 3

Surveillance on Domestic Animals 1.Target species: 1.Target species: Poultry, etc. 2.Target sites: The following premises which are located within the area of a 30 km radius from capturing site of wild birds: The following premises which are located within the area of a 30 km radius from capturing site of wild birds: Farms/house holds: 10 premises Farms/house holds: 10 premises Live Birds Markets (LBMs): 10 premises Live Birds Markets (LBMs): 10 premises 3. Number of birds to be surveyed: 30 birds per premise 4. Categories of samples: Three Categories: 1) Cloacal swab, 2)Tracheal swab, 3) Blood

Timing & Target species of wild birds There are two options as follows: There are two options as follows:  Option-1: In early July 2009 Molting season of Bar-headed Goose (Anser Indicus), Whooper Swan (Cygnus Cygnus), etc. The molting season is the optimum period due to the capturing of wild birds.  Option-2: In late August – early September: During the migration period of Northern Pintail (Anas Acuta), Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos), etc. Not easy to capture wild birds during this periods. Surveillance in Mongolia in 2009

 Surveillance of wild birds will be carried out once during 2009 in Mongolia.  Timing for surveillance should be determined considering the migration period of appropriate target species, easiness of capturing of wild birds, etc. - Tentative plan - 1.Timing: In early July 2.Target species: Bar-headed Goose (Anser Indicus), Whooper Swan (Cygnus Cygnus), etc. 3. Site (Resting place of birds): Surveillance in Mongolia in 2009

1.Department of Veterinary Service (DVS): (1) Supervision of overall of implementation of surveillance (2) Coordination with related organizations (3) Authorization of capturing/marking of wild birds & sampling from wild birds (4) Procurement of materials and equipment for sampling (5) Authorization of exportation of collected samples (6) Collecting samples from environment, etc. 2.Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (YIO): (1) Capturing of wild birds (2) Marking of wild birds with transmitter, color/metal ring (3) Collecting samples from wild birds 3.Local Ornithologists (Dr Gombobaatar Sundev, National University of Mongolia) (1) Preparation/arrangement/coordination for the implementation of surveillance, (2) Communication with YIO, (3) Technical assistance to YIO Implementing Organizations

Surveillance in Mongolia I. Wild Birds II. Environment 1.Timing: Early July Site: 3. Main target species : 1) Bar-headed Goose (Anser Indicus) 2) Whooper Swan (Cygnus Cygnus) 4. Activities: (1)Capturing: 100 birds (2)Marking : 1) Transmitter: 5 birds 2) Color ring:100 birds 3) Metal ring: 100 birds (3) Sampling (300 samples) Tracheal swab, Cloacal swab, blood1.Timing: Early July Site: 3. Activities: Samples from: (1) Dead birds: 10 birds 1) Tracheal swab, 2) Cloacal swab 3) Tissues (2) Fresh feces of birds: (3) Lake/pond water: III. Domestic animals Not expected.

 28 April  28 April : Dispatch of AI study mission to Mongolia  May  May : 2 nd OIE regional Expert Group Meeting  15 May  15 May : Technical Meeting in Hokkaido University  Early June  Early June : Exchange of Terms of References (TOR)  Early July  Early July : Implementation of AI Surveillance (10-14 days)  August :  August : Exportation of collected samples to Hokkaido University  August - :  August - : AI virus studies in Hokkaido University Tentative Schedule (2009)

1.Confirmation of cooperation & support from Veterinary Authority of Mongolia 1.Confirmation of cooperation & support from Veterinary Authority of Mongolia (Department of Veterinary Service; DVS) 2. Establishment of Framework for implementation of surveillance between OIE and DVS: 3. Exchange of Terms of Reference (TOR): The Framework should be confirmed through exchange of TOR between OIE and DVS. Steps to be taken

4.Technical coordination and arrangement between YIO and local Ornithologists: In line with the Framework established between OIE and DVS, YIO and local Ornithologists will determine the following points; 1) Timing, 2) Duration, 3) Sites, 4) Target species, 5) Methods for capturing, 6) Preparation of equipment and materials, 7) Logistics, etc. 5. Implementation Plan for surveillance: OIE and DSV will confirm the Implementation Plan considering the results of technical coordination between YIO and local Ornithologist. 6. Implementation of surveillance Steps to be taken