Urbanization As Seen Through Late 19c - Early 20c Architecture.

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Presentation transcript:

Urbanization As Seen Through Late 19c - Early 20c Architecture

Characteristics of Urbanization During the Gilded Age Megalopolis. Mass Transit. Magnet for economic and social opportunities. Pronounced class distinctions. - Inner & outer core New frontier of opportunity for women. Squalid living conditions for many. Political machines. Ethnic neighborhoods.

The City as a New “Frontier?” New Use of Space New Class Diversity New Architectural Style New Energy New Symbols of Change & Progress The City as a New “Frontier?” New Culture (“Melting Pot”) Make a New Start New Form of Classic “Rugged Individualism” New Levels of Crime, Violence, & Corruption

CHICAGO: "The Windy City"

William Le Baron Jenney 1832 – 1907 “Father of the Modern Skyscraper”

W. Le Baron Jenney: Central Y.M.C.A., Chicago, 1891

Louis Sullivan 1856 – 1924 The Chicago School of Architecture Form follows function!

Louis Sullivan: Bayard Bldg., NYC, 1897

Louis Sullivan: Carson, Pirie, Scott Dept. Store, Chicago, 1899

D. H. Burnham 1846 – 1912 Use of steel as a super structure.

DH Burnham: Fisher [Apt.] Bldg, Chicago, 1896

D. H. Burnham: Marshall Fields Dept. Store, 1902

DH Burnham: Railway Exchange, Chicago, 1904

NEW YORK CITY: "Gotham"

New York City Architectural Style: 1870s-1910s The style was less innovative than in Chicago. NYC was the source of the capital for Chicago. Most major business firms had their headquarters in NYC  their bldgs. became “logos” for their companies. NYC buildings and skyscrapers were taller than in Chicago.

Western Union Bldg,. NYC - 1875

Manhattan Life Insurance Bldg. NYC - 1893

Singer Building NYC - 1902

Woolworth Bldg. NYC - 1911

Flatiron Building NYC – 1902 D. H. Burnham

Grand Central Station, 1913

John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1883

John A. Roebling: The Brooklyn Bridge, 1913

Statue of Liberty, 1876 (Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)

“Dumbell “ Tenement

“Dumbell “ Tenement, NYC

Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lived (1890)

Tenement Slum Living

Lodgers Huddled Together

Tenement Slum Living

Struggling Immigrant Families

Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”

St. Patrick’s Cathedral

Hester Street – Jewish Section

1900 Rosh Hashanah Greeting Card

Pell St. - Chinatown, NYC

Urban Growth: 1870 - 1900

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