Geotechnics (not only) of Switzerland Major railroad constructions Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Bastian Bommer-Denss.

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Presentation transcript:

Geotechnics (not only) of Switzerland Major railroad constructions Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Bastian Bommer-Denss

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Overall context The new transalpine rail routes (NEAT - Neue Eisenbahn-Alpentransversale) Bundesamt für Verkehr BAV Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Overall context The new Gotthard rail link (longer, flatter and faster) (2016/17) (2019) Bundesamt für Verkehr BAV Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geological context Gotthard base tunnel – Geological profile AlpTransit Gotthard AG Die Zeit 42/2010 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Preliminary study 1992 950 m Partially squeezing rock -> comprising sheared and folded Serizit phyllites (cataclasite) 2910 m Extreme squeezing rock -> intensively crumbled, kakiritic mica gneisses, mica slates and mica phyllites 150 - 250 m Liquid rock with high water pressure -> sugar-grained Dolomite 400 m Talus material from rockfall -> unconsoli-dated rock AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section TZM North Geotechnically trickiest section 1 km long, with 1000 m overburden AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Methode Vorgehen Ergebnisse Zeitplan 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section Geol. exploration Five exploratory drillings One penetrated the entire TZM => Intensively crumbled, kakiritic micas AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section Information about the danger patterns Triaxial tests Extreme squeezing behaviour capacity to close the cavity Loosening phenomena and caving behaviour at the face and on the fringe Securing the cavity Tagungsband Swiss Tunnel Congress 2008 Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section Cavity support to resist large permissible deformations of up to 70 cm radially Deformable steel arches (double ring) every 1 m, 66 cm or 33 cm Anchoring system with radial anchors of up to 12 m in length Tunnel 4/2004, Swiss Tunnel Congress 2008, IUT’ 02 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Sedrun Part-Section Choice driving method Conventional driving with tunnel excavators (shovels, picks and ripper teeth) On account of squeezing rock AlpTransit Gotthard AG IUT’02 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Situation 2010 950 m Partially squeezing rock -> comprising sheared and folded Serizit phyllites (cataclasite) Difficult Intschi zone crossed without problem with an average daily advance of 6 m by TBM (6/2004) 1000 m Extreme squeezing rock -> intensively crumbled, kakiritic mica gneisses, mica slates and mica phyllites Squeezing Rock Conditions Successfully Overcome: breakthrough took place nine months ahead of schedule (TZM) (10/2007) 150 - 250 m Liquid rock with high water pressure -> sugar-grained Dolomite Piora syncline definitively and successfully mastered with an average daily advance of 10 to 12 m by TBM. The rock was stable. No deformations and no water. (2/2009) 400 m Talus material from rockfall -> unconsoli-dated rock Firsts breakthrough in the GBT with special driving method (11/2002) AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Geotechnical problems Unexpected 2003 Fault zone: Squeezing rock in Faido multifunction station (1/2003) Investigating fault zone Redisposition of the FMS 24 months delay additional costs of 500 million CHF AlpTransit Gotthard AG Tunnel 4/2004 Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Geotechnical problems Major railroad constructions: Gotthard base tunnel (GBT) Costs The Costs of the AlpTransit Gotthard Project (2010) Total costs: CHF 13.157 billion (Gotthard route with the Gotthard and Ceneri Base Tunnels) AlpTransit Gotthard AG Kurzfassung NEAT-Standbericht 2010 / I Content Overall context Geological context Geotechnical problems Costs 25. März 2017

Thank you! Questions?