Key Topic 1: Britain 1066 onwards Key Terms and Definitions Archbishop of Canterbury The most senior priest in the Church of England Black death the great epidemic of a disease thought to be bubonic plague, which killed a large proportion of the population of Europe. Castle a large building, fortified against attack with thick walls, battlements, towers, and often a moat. Charter A statement of a group of people’s rights written by the king or a lord Conqueror A person who normally takes over a place or people often by invasion. Chronicles An account of important historical events most often written by monks. Crime and punishment A penalty or punishment for a crime that has been committed. Doomsday a record of all the land in England, its value, and its ownership. Feudal system A system developed by king William where each group owed loyalty to the group above, starting with Villein’s, knights, barons and ending with the King. Kings council These were great men who helped the King make important decisions Norman Conquest The invasion and settlement of England by the Normans, starting with the Battle of Hastings 1066 Villein’s A peasant who worked for a lord in return for land. Key Concepts Conflict – a serious disagreement Chronology The arrangements of dates or events in the correct order that they happened. Evidence The facts of information that we have about an event person or place. Heir – the person who is next in line to the throne. Heaven and hell - Medieval People believe that you would go to heaven being a Monk or a Nun or buying churches or schools. You could also get people to pray for you after you have died. People in Medieval times didn't want to go to hell because they thought it was a horrible place will horrible monsters that whip you and torture you! Invasion coming into another country normally with an armed force with the intention of taking over. Massacred – When a large group of people has been killed. Loyalty – staying true to someone and being honest and helpful. Protest – an act that shows people are unhappy. Rebellion – a violent protest Religion – the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, usually a God.

Key Topic 1: Britain 1066 onwards Key People Edward the confessor – Dies in January 1066 and leaves no heir. Harold Godwinson – The earl of Wessex – One of the most powerful men in England. William Duke of Normandy – William comes from the strongest part of France and has been in control of Normandy since he was small. Harold Hardrada – King of Norway – When he became king he wanted to be King of England as well. Tostig – Brother of Harold Godwinson but after they fell out Tostig supported Harold Hardrada’s invasion of England. Nobles - these were people of "noble" rank and birth. You were a noble if you were born into a noble family. Noble families were those who had received titles from the prince or king and owned the land. Key events 20th September 1066 The Battle of Fulford Gate 25th September The Battle of Stamford Bridge 14th October 1066 The battle of Hastings William of Normandy becomes king of England 1069 William harry’s the North 1070 William introduces the Feudal system 1070’s Work begins on the Tower of London one of Britain's most famous castles 1079 William sets up his ‘Forrest Laws’ to protect deer and land 1086 The Doomsday book is completed