Predicting Axillary Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Breast MRI and US in Patients with Node-Positive Breast Cancer An imaging-based predictive model.

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Predicting Axillary Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Breast MRI and US in Patients with Node-Positive Breast Cancer An imaging-based predictive model can discriminate axillary pathologic complete response from residual axillary lymph node metastasis (AUC, 0.84 and 0.78 in the test and validation sets, respectively). Axillary lymphadenopathy at US after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) had the strongest independent association with residual axillary metastasis at surgery (adjusted odds ratio, 14; P < .001). Patients with a simplified risk score of 1 were least likely to have residual axillary metastasis (the false-negative rates ranged from 5%–10%). Breast MRI in a 61-year-old, A, before and, B, after NAC shows complete resolution of the cancer (arrowhead) and the axillary lymphadenopathy (arrow). The simplified risk score was 1 and no axillary metastasis was found at surgery. A B Kim R et al. Published Online: August 13, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2019190014