P1 REVISION – CHAPTER 1a – Energy Tfr by Heating

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P1 REVISION – CHAPTER 1a – Energy Tfr by Heating Infrared Radiation What gives off infrared radiation? What is a vacuum? Surfaces & Radiation What surfaces are good absorbers of infrared radiation? What surfaces are slow to emit infrared radiation? What surfaces are good reflectors of infrared radiation? States of Matter Draw and label the 3 states of matter. Give an explanation of how they differ to each other. Conduction/Convection Where does conduction occur? Where does convection occur? What is a poor conductor called? Why does a fluid become less dense when it is heated? Evaporation & Condensation What 3 things can increase the rate of evaporation What 2 things can increase the rate of condensation? KEY WORDS: Absorbers Emitters Reflectors Conduction Conductor Insulator ASSESSMENT:

P1 REVISION – CHAPTER 1b – Energy Tfr continued. The greater the temperature difference between an object and its surroundings, the greater the rate at which energy is transferred. What else does the rate at which energy is transferred depend on? How can we maximise the rate of energy transfer to keep things cool? Specific Heat Capacity The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance by 1 degree celsius. The equation for specific heat capacity is: E = m x c x θ What do the symbols stand for and what are the units for each? The specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/kgᵒC. How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 2kg of water by 1ᵒC? How can the structure of the vacuum flask minimise energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation? KEY WORDS: Specific heat capacity Mass Temperature difference Maximise minimise ASSESSMENT: 2

P1 REVISION – CHAPTER 2 – Using Energy Useful Energy. Name the useful energy of a light bulb. What is the wasted energy of a light bulb? Conservation of energy? What does this mean? Forms of Energy Type Example Chemical Food/fossil fuels What can you not do to energy? Energy & Efficiency What does this diagram show? What is it called?   Does efficiency have a unit? In a light bulb, for 25 joules of energy that are supplied to the bulb, 5 joules area usefully transferred into light energy. What is the efficiency of the bulb? How can you make machines more efficient? KEY WORDS: Joule Efficiency Sankey Diagram Useful energy conservation ASSESSMENT: 3

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