How did the Civil War Affect American Life? U.S. History & Government 11th Grade Boys/Girls Date: August 24, 2019

African American Struggle 1862: African Americans were allowed to serve in the Union Army Many enlisted after the emancipation proclamation By the end of the war they made up 10% of the union army Served in the separate regiments Were paid less than the white soldiers and faced other discriminations 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

African American Struggle Fate of the Captured African Americans Immediately returned to slavery or executed on the spot At Fort Pillow more than 200 captured African Americans were murdered by Confederates The confederacy drafted slaves and free blacks to fight in 1863 and also in 1864 due to manpower shortage Armed some slaves at the spring of 1865 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

African American Struggle Slave resistance in the south Some refused to work Some destroyed property Some ran away to union armies By 1864 the plantation system and slavery were crumbling in the south 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

War’s Effects on Southern Economy Runaway slaves caused the decline in workforce Food became scarce Prices rose Food riot broke out in 1863 in southern cities Union blockade caused shortages of daily commodities: Sugar, salt, coffee, nails, needles, and medicines Smuggling cotton to the North by some confederates for gold, food and other goods. 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

War’s Effects on Northern Economy Economy grew rapidly: factories produced supplies needed by the army Workers’ wages did not rise compared to increased production Booming economy caused some businesses to make huge profit Led to corrupt practices- businesses with government contracts Blankets and uniforms made of poor materials Spoiled meat as fresh twice the usual price for guns Income tax was introduced by congress for the 1st time 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

Women in Economy A greater involvement by women on both sides Women replaced men in factories or farms In the north many government jobs were given to women for the 1st time. They worked as clerks 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

Volunteer Work during the War United States Sanitary Commission was formed by some Northern women & doctors Improve sanitary conditions of the soldiers Set up hospital trains and ships to move wounded soldiers from the battlefield 3000 Northern women served as nurses Some, including Clara Burton, served in the front line. Many southern women also served as nurses. 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

Conditions of the Soldiers Many soldiers died from the wounds received in the battles They suffered from poor army food, filthy conditions, and disease Soldiers also suffered in war prisons Andersonville, Georgia was the worst run by Confederates - overcrowded and no shelter at all. Northern prisons did not provide any heat to southern prisoners – many caught pneumonia and died 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9

Homework Questions 1, 2, & 3 on page 356 8/24/2019 Number of Total Slides 9