1. Life During Wartime
Chapter 11.3

2. African-American Soldiers
1862 African-Americans allowed to serve in the military
By wars end – 10% of Union army was African-American
Served in separate regiments commanded by white officers

3. Discrimination White soldiers = $13 per month plus $3.50 for clothing
Black soldiers = $10 per month with no clothing allowance
Higher mortality rates

4. Soldier Hardships Uniforms Union – blue wool Confederacy – grey wool
Poor living conditions, diet, and medical care
Many soldiers didn’t shower or wash up

5. More Men Are Needed April 1862 Confederacy passes conscription act
Conscription: involuntary enrollment of people for military service. (Draft)

6. What did they eat? Union rations:
Beans, meat (usually salted), hardtack, and coffee
Confederate rations:
“Cush” (stew of beef cubes, cornbread, bacon grease)

7. Forage Cap and Dog Tent

8. Over 60,000 soldiers received amputations
Medicine
Poorly trained doctors
Over 60,000 soldiers received amputations
Unsanitary instruments and conditions
High risk of infection

9. Surgeon’s Tools

10. Nurses and Sanitation U.S. Sanitation Commission
Improve hygienic conditions of army camps
Recruit and train nurses
Taught how to keep water supply clean

11. Civil War Economy Northern economic growth
Wages did not keep up with prices
1863- nation’s first income tax law
Tax takes a percentage of your income

12. Civil War Economy Southern food shortages Cost to live:
1861 – avg. cost $6.65 per month on food
1863 – avg. $68 per month
Union blockade hurt the South