The Copernican Revolution

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Earth, Moon, & Sun SOL 4.7. an object that moves around another object in space.
Advertisements

The Geocentric Theory vs. The Heliocentric Theory
HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY. Triangulation of Towers Hall.
Physics 202: Introduction to Astronomy – Lecture 3 Carsten Denker Physics Department Center for Solar–Terrestrial Research.
Goals Explain how accurate observations led to Heliocentric model Review contributions of Galileo and Kepler Explain Kepler’s Laws Explain Newton’s laws.
Ancient Astronomy Objects in the Sky move in cycles –Stars, Sun, Moon, eclipses, etc. Why did most ancient people care? –Agriculture –Religion Egyptians.
Topic: Models of the Universe Key Terms: Geocentric Theory Heliocentric Theory.
From the ancients to the moderns Nicholas Copernicus (1473–1543) Tycho Brahe (1546–1601) Johannes Kepler (1571–1630)
Warm Up What do you already know about OUR solar system? Write 10 facts YOU know. Did you know? By about 3500 BC (and maybe long before that), people thought.
A Short History of Astronomy Ancient (before 500 BC) Egyptians, Babylonians, Mayans, Incas, Chinese Classical Antiquity (500 BC-500 AD) Greeks, Romans:
Goals Explain how accurate observations led to Heliocentric model Explain retrograde motion Describe contributions of Copernicus, Tycho, Galileo, and.
Geocentric vs. Heliocentric A Battle for the Ages.
The Scientific Revolution. What is a revolution? It is a major change.
Topic: Models of the Universe Key Terms: Geocentric Theory Heliocentric Theory.
The Scientific Revolution Madnick/Global History 9.
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION.  How did the Scientific Revolution reflect the values and ideals of the Renaissance?  In what ways did the Scientific Revolution.
The story of the Solar System – how have our ideas changed.
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION.  How did the Scientific Revolution reflect the values and ideals of the Renaissance?  In what ways did the Scientific Revolution.
Ptolemy & Copernicus. Aristotle: On the Heavens Aristotle On astronomy Read in Latin throughout the middle ages Renaissance: Greek original.
Models of the Solar System. Earliest Astronomers (Before 400 BC) ► Early civilizations (e.g., Maya, Babylonians) observed the heavens for religious and.
The Scientific Revolution Madnick/Global History 9.
Topic 4 Motions of the Planets, Stars, Sun, Earth, & Moon.
Scientific Reading Answers. 1.) What were the key ideas of the Renaissance? Think for yourself; solve problems using reason and logic.
Models of the Solar System Ch 27.2 Page 691 Early models  Around 2,000 years ago, Aristotle suggested the earth- centered or geocentric model of the.
Modelling Celestial Motion. Using Models Designers and engineers use models to help them solve problems without having to construct the real thing. Designers.
The Evolution of Our Understanding of the Solar System By Brian Fontaine.
A Short History of Astronomy Ancient (before 500 BC) Egyptians, Babylonians, Mayans, Incas, Chinese Classical Antiquity (500 BC-500 AD) Greeks, Romans:
Unit VI: The Early Modern Era. The Scientific Revolution.
The History of Astronomy II September 18, Taking Care of Business (TCB) Read textbook Unit 12 Read textbook Unit 12 Take Moon observations Take.
Timeline of European History Ancient Medieval Modern History History History History History History (Middle Ages or Dark Ages) (Middle Ages or Dark Ages)
The Crab Nebula is the remnant of a supernova explosion that was seen on Earth in 1054 AD. It is 6000 light years from Earth. At the center of the bright.
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Historical Models of the Solar System
For about 1600 years from the time of the ancient Greeks until the 1600’s people believed that the Sun, stars and planets orbited the Earth.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
The Scientific Revolution
Earth, Moon, & Sun SOL 4.7.
Origins of Modern Astronomy
Heliocentric Solar System
What is the difference between geocentric and heliocentric theories?
MODELS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Astronomy-Part 6 Notes: Historical Models of the Solar System
The Scientific Revolution
Model of the Solar System
Origins of Modern Astronomy
The Scientific Revolution
Historic Models of the Solar System
Please, take a puzzle from the bin on the front table.
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
Knowledge Connections
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Historical Models of the Solar System
Number your paper 1-6 and write TRUE or FALSE for each statement.
~8-9th Century BC    The idea that the Earth is in motion around the Sun is proposed in Sanskrit texts in ancient India.  It is the first recorded evidence.
The History of Astronomy
The Copernican Revolution
The Geocentric Theory vs. The Heliocentric Theory
The Scientific Revolution
Part 1: Historical Models
Factors that Changed the World View of Europeans
Lecture 1: Our Evolving View of the Universe
Aim: Identify circumstances that led to the Scientific Revolution
The scientific revolution of the 16th century
The Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution
Aim: Identify circumstances that led to the Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution
Bell Ringer Do you stand up for what you know to be right?
the evolution of our space model
Astronomers Foldable review .
Spot The “Not” Game Find the answer choice that is false in each group of solar system facts.
Presentation transcript:

The Copernican Revolution

“Strange” motion of the Planets Note: outer planets are slower Planets usually move from W to E relative to the stars, but sometimes strangely turn around in a loop, the so called retrograde motion. (Explanation: next lecture!)

Homework: Retrograde Motion & Epicycles

Ptolemy (~140 AD) Puts forth a complete geocentric model dominates scientific thought during the Middle Ages Longest lasting (wrong) theory ever: 1000yrs Major Work: Almagest Had known flaws, e.g. the moon followed a path that brought it closer/farther from the earth. But the apparent size of the moon was roughly constant.

Epicycles Ptolemy’s explanation of retrograde motion About 40(!) epicycles necessary to explain all observations complicated theory After Ptolemy the only significant observations were made by the Arabs – provided continuity between ancient scholarship and that of the Renaissance Polynesians, Mayans…

The Medieval Setting Dominant Church 1000 years of relative stagnation Experimental research greatly reduced To answer a question: “Study the Bible or Aristotle!”

The Renaissance Setting Invention of the print (1450) by Gutenberg Books widely available! (Think: Manuscripts vs Amazon.com) End of Middle Age Church Domination Back to the roots (renaissance=rebirth) Study of Arabic astronomers Intellectual movement

Nicolas Copernicus (1473–1543) Rediscovers the heliocentric model of Aristarchus  BOOKS! Planets on circles needs 48(!) epicycles to explain different speeds of planets Not more accurate than Ptolemy Major Work : De Revolutionibus Orbium Celestium (published posthumously) Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Celestium only posthumously Unsigned preface by Andreas Osiander meant to reassure ecclesiastical authorities that divine revelation was the sole source of truth May have subscribed to a sort of neo-Platonic sun worship (a “visible god”) GIORDANO BRUNO (Italian; 1548) proposes that the Sun is just one star out of an infinite number. Similarly, God gives each of us an inner source of power equal to that of others. In 1600, Bruno was burnt at the stake for heresy

Copernicus’ heliocentric Explanation of retrograde planetary motion See also: SkyGazer