The Rise of Civilization

Objectives The Students will know The Students will be able to The five characteristics of a civilization The parts of an essay What in the world turnitin.com is The Students will be able to Explain the 5 characteristics of a civilization Advanced Cities, Specialized Workers, Complex Institutions, Record Keeping, Advanced Technology

Start of Early Cities Cities start following the boom of the Neolithic Revolution Agriculture allows people to have a steady source of food More food means more people and a need for more housing.

Needs of Early Cities Needed to be near fresh water Villages Water for crops (irrigation) Villages Place for trade, farming, other businesses These needs lead to many changes and villages evolve into complex and advanced cities

What comes next? Thinking back to your reading: What inventions caused farming to be easier? The more food a civilization has, the more what can they have?

New Inventions Change Lives Hoes, sickles, plow sticks The more food a settlement has, the more individuals it can support. The more individuals a settlement has, the more complex the society becomes.

5 Characteristics of Civilizations Advanced cities The word “city” comes from the Latin word for civilization Cities were organized Different areas for living, farming, religion Centers of trade

5 Characteristics of Civilizations Specialized workers How did you get what you needed to trade? Abundant agricultural yields (aka an excess of food) created opportunities for economic specialization as surplus food allowed some people to work in occupations other than farming Demand by ruling elites for luxury items encouraged artisans and craftspeople to create new products Trade between neighboring populations encouraged creativity

Examples of Specialized Workers Scribes Priests Metalworkers Merchants Weavers Soldiers Teachers

5 Characteristics of Civilizations Complex Institutions Government Job: Meets the administrative needs of the civilization Military Job: Protect civilization and gain land and power Religion Priests have both political and religious power Gods are believed to be CRUCIAL to community’s success

5 Characteristics of Civilizations Record Keeping Development of writing 2 purposes To keep records Literary expression (stories, poems, etc.) Earliest form: Cuneiform Pictographs: symbols of the objects or things they represent

Cuneiform

5 Characteristics of Civilizations Advanced Technology: Tools Farming Wheel, plow Fishing Sailboat Weaponry Bronze!! Made of a combination of copper and tin