The Cold War in Asia.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War in Asia

I. The Occupation of Japan Aim of US in Asia Restore peace Resist foreign rule Restore trade US occupied Japan to help rebuild and make more democratic General MacArthur dismantled Japan’s military US encouraged economic opportunity and provided financial aid US granted independence in 1951

II. Communist Triumph in China Nationalist: Chiang kai-Shek/Communist: Mao Tse-Tung US focused on containing communism in W. Europe rather than China 1949, Communists forced Nationalists to flee to Taiwan Truman was criticized for losing China to the Communists.

III. The Korean War * June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea hoping to unify the country under communist rule. *UN condemned the invasion and organized an opposing army led by General Douglas MacArthur. * Mac wanted to bomb; Truman feared a larger war; Mac was fired for being critical *July 1953, a truce was signed dividing the country at the 38th parallel

III. Cold War America Prosperity and Inflation Demand for farm goods keep prices high Cold war military production created jobs Postwar brought inflation Taft-Hartley Act (1947) –passed by Republican Congress; outlawed strikes and closed shops (only union members hired) Act supposed hurt unions and the gains made since 1933

Election of 1948 Democratic Party split Southern Democrats formed “dixicrats” to protest Truman’s attempt to advance civil rights for blacks Truman was predicted to lose; defeated Thomas Dewey Truman instituted the Fair Deal: an expansion of Roosevelt’s New Deal

The Second Red Scare Loyalty Test House Un-American Committee (1947) Loyalty Review Board – check government workers for loyalty; began in 1947 for fear of communism House Un-American Committee (1947) Blacklisted individuals Alger Hiss – former state department employee Accused of being a spy; convicted of perjury in1950 Ethel and Julius Rosenberg – executed in 1951 for provided atomic secrets McCarthyism – Joseph McCarthy, senator from Wisconsin 1950 spoke out against communist influence in gov. Stated the state department was full of communists McCarthyism – use of indiscriminate, unfounded political accusations to destroy someone’s character

Truman’s Legacy 1952, Truman announced he would not seek re- election He was seen as being soft on communism Corruption had weakened Truman’s popularity Truman’s reputation grew after he left office