CAR and Kazakhstan Aikan Akanov, MD, PhD, DSci (Medicine) Institute of Public Health Republic of Kazakhstan

Institute of Public Health Since 2001 Nonprofit, nongovernmental scientific research institution Scientific research projects: Rapid situation assessment and concept of monitoring environmental, medical and social factors, associated with development of Tengiz field on Caspian Sea Region, 2006-2007 (The Government of RK,TengizChevrOil) Comprehensive Health Demographic Study of population in Kazakhstan 2007 (Ministry of Health of RK) Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me introduce I am Aikan Akanov, PhD, DSci, Director of Institute of Public Health, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan. My presentation devoted to enlighten main problems related environment and health in Central Asian countries and Kazakhstan.

Partnership Scientific Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Russia, Moskow Ministry of Culture and Information of RK Ministry of Education and Science of RK Ministry of Labor and Social Defense of RK Leading national Scientific Research Institutes National Healthy Lifestyle Center Kazakh School of Public Health Ministry of Health of RK The Institute of Public Health is nonprofit, nongovernmental organization which mission is to promote a new policy of public health in Kazakhstan. The main priority is to identify of the needs and requirements of people in physical, mental, reproductive health and in social well-being. IPH manages its activity as the independent body mobilizing internal and external national experts and permanently improving the intellectual potentials of own staff. The Institute of Public Health has close relations with leading scientific institutes of Kazakhstan, with nongovernmental and governmental organizations over the country. Also the Institute has a partnership with 20 nongovernmental organizations over the country. Partners of the Institute of Public Health Ministry of Health of RK, National centre for problems of healthy lifestyle development, Regional office on Project Management of World Bank, Kazakhstan School of Public Health, J.Hopkins University, National center on occupational diseases, National Institute of cardiology and internal diseases, APM-Medlink CCL (USA), Tengizchevroil, UNFPA, WHO, Association of Business women, Association of Healthy lifestyle’s specialists, Consulting Zdrav Group LtD. 22 NGOs Network TengizChevrOil UNDP UNICEF UNFPA WHO

CAR and Kazakhstan Population more than 50 million people Countries Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan

CAR and Kazakhstan characteristics Kazakhstan(pop.14,8 mln, GDP per capita $11, 280) Uzbekistan (pop. 26,6 mln, GDP per capita $1,920)  Turkmenistan (pop.4,9 mln, GDP per capita $7,249) Kyrgyzstan (pop.5,3 mln, GDP per capita $2,088) Tajikistan  (pop. 7,3 mln, GDP per capita $1388)

Possible causes of environment’s impact on human health in CAR’ region Lack of multisectoral integrated work Lack of trained staff on environment and public health Deficiency of using appropriate methods and guides Clean water deficiency Weak existing Health Care and Public health Lack of access to qualitative health services Altered frequency of extreme events related to climate change (deaths, injuries, psychological diseases) Altered rates of heat and cold –related illness and death Altered local water and food born infective agents Altered food production due to changes in climate and environment, weather events and associated diseases Effects on the range of vectors and infective parasites “Health is a focus reflecting the combined impacts of climate change on the physical environment, ecosystems, the economic environment and society. Long-term changes in world climate may affect many requisites of good health – sufficient food, safe and adequate drinking water, and secure dwelling. The current large-scale social and environmental changes mean that we must assign a much higher priority to population health in the policy debate on climate change.” Source: (Kovats et al, 2000) Major examples of global environmental change include: climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, transboundary air and water pollution, acid precipitation, loss of biodiversity, desertification and deforestation. Human-induced climate change is due primarily to accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere, resulting from activities such as combustion of fossil fuels, large-scale deforestation and the rapid expansion of irrigated agriculture. Both direct and indirect health impacts can be expected to occur as a result of climate change.

What are the CAR and Kazakhstan needs to solve existing problems? To conduct evidence based comprehensive trans-country researches on environment and health To encourage the Governments to develop, implement and monitor the State programs on environment and health To develop a strong professional’s capacity on environment and health To train strong and effective leaders who can be advocates for policies on environment and health To develop active civil society