What is the main difference between a republic and an empire?

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Presentation transcript:

What is the main difference between a republic and an empire?

Cicero Famous Roman lawyer and orator Praised the actions of Brutus and the other senators that killed Caesar Cicero was a strong supporter of the republic

Civil War The death of Caesar did not return the republic as Cicero and the senators thought it would It caused people to riot It caused civil war

Civil War War between Caesar’s killers and supporters The supporters won Rome was split up between Caesar’s 2nd in command Mark Antony (above) and Caesar’s 18 year old nephew Octavian (below)

Antony and Cleopatra Cleopatra was the Queen of Egypt Used to date Caesar Now that Caesar was dead, Antony fell in love and married her One big problem: he was already married to Octavian’s sister

Octavian was not happy

Caesar Augustus Octavian declared war; defeated Antony and Cleopatra armies Egypt became part of Roman Empire Declared himself 1st emperor of Rome Took the name Caesar Augustus

Pax Romana Peace of Rome 200 year period; started with the rule of Caesar Augustus Caesar became the title of all the following Roman emperors Rome was officially an empire; one emperor ruled a vast territory of many different states and ethnicities. Many achievements and increased trade

Roman Law Same laws for whole empire Judges weighed evidence People were considered innocent until proven guilty Courts enforced legal contracts Roman law’s influence is evident in American and other western civilization’s law systems

Hadrian’s Wall Hadrian- Roman Emperor from 117 until 138 Built a wall to keep out invaders on the northern frontier of Roman Empire

Hadrian’s Wall

Theatres Roman theatres put on musical productions and Greek style dramas, comedies, tragedies, and social/ political satires (sarcastic commentaries)

The Coliseum One of the most famous structures ever Used to hold large public events like gladiator competitions

Arches Added structural strength and beauty to architecture

Aqueducts Brought water from far away sources into cities and towns

Aqueducts Used gravity to move water

Complex Road Systems Roads linked areas of the entire empire and made trade easier

Roads Constructed by skilled engineers to stay level and water free These roads are still level today Some are even still used in rural areas

Empire was Growing Romans occupied other countries and made them part of their empire They did this by having a superior military

Roman Columns Many different styles of column were used Used in many different types of public buildings

Domes Seen here in the Pantheon Architectural masterpieces

Thermal Baths Were both public and private Heated from underneath Romans also had heated floors in homes

Sculpture Great detail Sculpted physical ideals Discus Thrower from Olympic Games Romans adopted Greek games

Frescoes and Mosaics Frescoes: wall paintings>>>>>>>>> Mosaics: tile pictures >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>