1. 6Y
Objectives: Describe the rise of Christianity within the Roman Empire.
Agenda:
Do Now:
Submit your test (in the 6Y White Bin by the window)
Roman Roads – answer questions 1-2 on page 331.
Discuss Do Now
Continue Chapter 11 Section 1
Read and discuss chapter 11 section 2 The Roman Empire and Religion.
Homework: Copy main ideas and big idea from page 332. Copy and define key terms and people.

3. Republic to Empire Accomplishments
70s BC – Rome was dangerous: political fighting – different people fought each other to be in charge, riots, wars, A LOT of people were coming into Rome.
Some tried to stop the chaos:
Cicero: upper class should work together, limit power of generals, support Senate, restore checks and balances.
 Many people did not agree.
3. Generals wanted to take over: Julius Caesar.
Julius Caesar: skilled and loved, conquered all of Gaul, strong military leader and great speaker, powerful friends. Ruled with Pompey and Crassus. 10 years
4. Friends get jealous. Order Caesar to give up his army. War. C defeats Pompey. Julius Caesar became dictator for life. Improved Roman life and reduced Senate’s powers. Assassinated in 44 BC.
5. Marc Antony (Julius Caesar’s old assistant) and Octavian (Julius Caesar’s adopted son) chase down killers. They rule Rome together, but Marc Antony insults Octavian by divorcing his sister and marrying the queen of Egypt, Cleopatra. Octavian chases them down, but they commit suicide.
6. Octavian becomes Augustus, “revered one”, first emperor of Rome.
1. Science and Engineering
Stars to produce a calendar; study plants and animals for better crops + meat
Doctors (ex: Galen) studied the body (noted difference between arteries and veins)
Great builders – new materials for long lasting structures: cement
Great design: layered roads for longer lasting roads, arches – more support and longer lasting,
Aqueduct – brought water everywhere and made many places livable.
Vaults supported large open area buildings.
2. Architecture and Art
Admired beauty – they decorated structures with marble; used pillars; were inspired by the Greeks.
Created large buildings – Colosseum.
Loved mosaics, paintings, and statues. Frescoes – painting on plaster.
4. Literature – many great authors: Virgil – Aeneid epic, Ovid- wrote Roman mythology. History, speeches, and dramas. Wrote in Latin. -> Romance Languages.
5. Legal system (laws)- Civil law – written followed by many countries even today.