Islam in Asia

Largest religion in Asia, 25% of Asians are Muslim, around 1 Billion 62% of Muslims are Asian

Variety in Jurisprudence The different schools of thought were customized for different groups, based on the traditions, tendencies, culture of particular societies.

Hanafi Comprises the largest number of Muslims the oldest and most liberal school of law. makes considerable use of reason or opinion in legal decisions. non-hierarchical and decentralized difficult for 20th century rulers to incorporate its religious leaders into centralized state systems

Central Asia Toleration of Islam during Russian Empire 1860s to 1917 USSR, Islam tolerated during the process of consolidation in which states were divided along ethnic lines, a political elite favorable to Marxism established, state schools and institutions created 1930s Islam suppressed 1980s Glasnost, Perestroika

Sub Continental Asia

Partition of British India 1947 along with independence, British imperial territory divided between 3 states India, Pakistan, Bangladesh Mountbatten Plan, Two Nations Theory Religion is the determining factor in defining the nationality of Indian Muslims Population transfer 14.5 million .5 million died, 12 million homeless 2 Million missing Retributive genocide on both sides

Delhi Thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees from Punjab poured into the city. Muslim casualties between 20,000-25,000 Tens of thousands of Muslims became refugees 330,000 Muslims were forced to flee to Pakistan. Muslim population from 33.22% in 1941 to 5.33% in 1951 Total population increased by 1 Million in 10 years

China Islam arrives around 650 through missionaries Expands as a result of contact with Muslim Traders Islam receives few modern converts

Separation Anxiety China recognizes 55 ethnic minorities, 10 are classified as Muslim Uighurs, Kazakhs, and Tajiks Xinjiang Province

Fall of USSR brought demands for independence Cultural and ethnic tensions sparked by influx of Han Chinese 2009, riots resulted in the killing of over 200 Han

Southeast Asia Muslim Majorities: Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, South Philippines, South Thailand Trading patterns spread Islam

Australia Muslims 2% of the population Australians believe Muslims are 18% of population Marginalization similar to Europe, disproportionate rates of unemployment (11%) and incarceration (10%)

Asylum seekers, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Iraq and Iran or Myanmar Smugglers, extortion Tony Abbott, "stop the boats" platform Offshore resettlement, Nauru and Papua New Guinea