Warm Up List reasons for why the colonists declared independence from Britain. *turn in your projects

Time between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution The Articles of Confederation “a firm league of friendship” with each State keeping its sovereignty States came together for common defense, security of liberties, general welfare Ratified 1781

Articles of Confederation Structure of Government Unicameral congress Number of delegates chosen yearly however each state decided. Each state had 1 vote regardless of population or wealth. No executive or judicial branch created. Congress would hold these powers Each year a president would be chosen however this person was not chief of the state.

Articles of Confederation - Congressional Powers make war and peace send/receive ambassadors make treaties borrow money set up a money system establish post offices build navy, raise army fix uniform standards of weights and measures settle disputes among the states

Articles of Confederation Obligations of States provide funds and troops treat citizens of other states as thier own full faith and credit to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. Surrender fugitives to other states submit disputes to Congress allow travel and trade between States States responsible for protecting life, liberty, and property in thier own state.

Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation Congress no power to tax Congress no power to regulate trade Lack of power to make states obey Articles Could not change articles except by having consent of all 13 legislatures. *See others on page 45

The Constitutional Convention Summer of 1787 - Held in Philadelphia Held to write a new constitution for the United States George Washington was chosen to lead this convention Met in secret

The Virginia Plan Created mostly by James Madison of Virginia. Proposed the following: 3 Separate branches of Government - Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Bicameral Congress with the Senate being the upper house and the House of Representatives being the lower house Representation based on population and money given Congress had power to force states to obey law with force if necessary Congress would chose National Executive and National Judiciary and these 2 working together could override decisions made by Congress.

The New Jersey Plan Unicameral Congress with equal representation from each state. Added limited power to congress to tax Multi person Executive chosen by Congress Single person Judiciary appointed by Executive What are Differences between these 2 plans?

The Connecticut Compromise Compromise created by delegates from Connecticut Bicameral Congress with the Senate being represented equally and the House of Representative being represented by population.

Federalists vs Anti-Federalists Federalists believed the Articles were weak and supported the new constitution. Anti-Federalists opposed new constitution because it featured and central government and did not contain a bill of rights.