Africa: Chapter 18 Unit 6 Day 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Africa: Chapter 18 Unit 6 Day 1

What are the landforms of Africa? Over 50 countries Africa’s Plateau Basins lie throughout the plateau Span over 625 miles each Some up to 5,000 ft. deep There are 57 countries in Africa Africa moved very little when Pangea broke up about 200 million years ago Huge plateau covers most of Africa, called plateau continent Basins span over 625 miles each and can be as much as 5000 feet deep

What rivers are in Africa? Nile River (world’s longest river at 4,160 miles) Africa’s rivers contain waterfalls, rapids and gorges 2,900 mile long Congo River has many waterfalls Many people rely on the Nile water (95% of Egyptians) Irrigation and people live closer to the river than they do in other parts Congo river contains many waterfalls and that causes many parts of the river to be impassable

What other landforms are in Africa? There are NO large mountain chains in Africa Great Rift Valley: long, thin valleys from the earth sinking Some lakes form in the rifts and basins Lake Victoria is the largest Mount Kilimanjaro is Africa’s highest mountain

What is the climate in Africa? Most of Africa has warm, tropical temperatures Desert: Largest Desert in the world is the Sahara at around 3,000 miles Tropics: Large tropical area in central Africa During the summer, temps can rise above 130 deg, which is hot enough to cook an egg on the sand but in the winter the temps can reach below freezing at night Camels are used for travel and can go up to 17 days without water Temperatures do not vary between summer and winter in the tropics. Night time is called the winter of the tropics.

Turn and Talk The Sahara is only about 20% sand. The rest is mountains, rocks and gravel. Some say that the Sahara is expanding. Turn and talk to your groups: If the Sahara is expanding, what could this mean for people living in or near the Sahara Desert?

What about the grasslands? Tropical grassland occurs in Africa as well The Serengeti Plain is located in eastern Africa Home to huge herds of animals (wildebeests, gazelles, zebras) Grass can grow taller than the average person Herds of wildebeests, gazelles and zebras

How do Africans work with the environment? Desertification: moist areas next to deserts are dried up Drilling for oil also destroys the land Aswan High Dam on the Nile River Benefits: stops flooding, gives farmers water, increases crop growth Problems: Mosquitoes & Disease increase Watering hole dried up in Sahel Irrigation dries up the land, cutting down forests and overgrazing of farm animals Dam: stops flooding, gives farmers water and increases farming seasons But also people relocated to build dam, mosquitos increase and disease does as well since there are more waterways Also lose water because of evaporation

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