Mr. MacDonald U.S. History II Industrialization Mr. MacDonald U.S. History II

Agrarian (Farming) America

Industrial America

Resources that helped America Industrialize Natural Resources: Human Resources: Transportation Resources:

Why was the U.S. successful at industrialization? Resources 1) Abundance of natural resources (timber, coal, iron, copper, oil and petroleum) 2) many resources located in the West. Railroads helped transport them. A large workforce (human resources) Between 1860-1910 the U.S. population tripled. Increasing immigrants More workers and population created demand for consumer goods

Industrial America 1865-1900 Created the building blocks for modern industry in the USA Machines, steam engines, mass production, and the factory system. 2 biggest industries : steel (strong building material) and railroads (moved materials and goods to factories and markets)

Transcontinental Railroad 1) 1869, two railroad tracks met, connecting the Western U.S.A. to the Eastern U.S.A. U.S.A. became the world leader in railroad tracks. 2)The West began to boom in population 3)More rails meant more people can move around country and more goods can be bought and sold around the USA 4) Time Zones invented to keep trains on schedule

Steel and Railroads 5) Henry Bessemer discovers a way to mass produce steel in 1856 Railroads now use steel instead of iron 6) More steel = more railroads = more industry 7) Expansion of the railroads was the primary factor that furthered industrialization between 1865-1900.

Railcar inventions in the late 19th century Woods- railway telegraph system to prevent collisions Pullman- sleeping car for comfort Westinghouse- air brakes made it safer Refrigeration cars invented to move food and beef.

Pullman Sleeping Car

Inventions Between 1860-1900 inventors improved earlier inventions and created new ones. 1) The U.S. government gave out thousands of patents, a government grant that allows the inventor to make, use and sell an invention for a certain time.

Thomas Edison- Inventor and Seller 2) Edison received 1093 patents from the U.S., more than any other person 3) Invented the electric light bulb (1879)- changed life in U.S. cities. 4) Lights on city streets and inside dark buildings made people feel safe and there was less risk of fires

Nikola Tesla- Idea inventor Alternating Current (A/C) for power Radio Radar Hydroelectric plant

Typewriter 1868

Telephone 1876

Light bulb 1879

Cash Register 1879

Easy to use camera 1888

Gas powered automobile 1893

Phonograph 1877

Questions- answer in complete sentences 1) What were two ways that railroads changed the United States? 2) How did the production of steel contribute to America’s industrial growth? 3)How was an inventor’s work protected? 4)What are two ways that inventions changed the lives of Americans during Industrialization? 5) What recent inventions have changed the lives of Americans today?