1. Factors leading to the Growth of Industry Connections and Technology

2. First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.

3. Cumberland (National Road), 1811

4. Erie Canal System

5. Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

6. Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

7. Principal Canals in 1840

8. Inland Freight Rates

9. The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830) 1830  13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RR By 1850  9000 mi. of RR track [1860  31,000 mi.]

10. Clipper Ships

11. The Railroad Revolution, 1850s

12. The Railroad * 1st Transcontinental Railroad (1869 ) 5 more transcontinental lines by 1900 130,000 miles of lines

14. Consolidation Railroad companies joined together to form larger companies A few very wealthy individuals controlled the industry. The Railroad Barons C. Vanderbilt L. Stanford C. Huntington J. Hill

15. Railroad Improvements Standardized Tracks –known as Standard Gauge –Made all the tracks the same size so that rail lines could be connected throughout the country Air Brakes

16. Refrigerated Rail Cars Pullman Luxury Rail Cars –Sleeping Cars –Dining Cars Railroad Improvements

17. Led to the creation of standard time zones

18. Impact on Industry and the Economy Brought raw materials from the West to Factories in the East –Iron ore –Coal –Timber –Gold, Silver, Copper

19. Impact on Industry and the Economy Brought goods to be sold in the markets

20. Impact on Industry and the Economy Growth of industries that supplied the railroad companies with materials –Coal Industry –Steel Industry –Lumber

21. Impact on Industry and the Economy Provided Jobs –Need for tracks –Railroad workers

22. Land Exploitation of Natural Resources Iron Ore –Necessary for Making Steel –Bessemer Process made steel cheaper to produce so it could be more easily used –Uses: Railroad Machinery Barbed wire Food Packaging (cans) Bridges Buildings (Skyscrapers)

23. Land Exploitation of Natural Resources Coal –Used to power trains and factories –Was used to heat homes

24. Land Exploitation of Natural Resources Oil Edwin Drake developed a process for drilling oil from the ground

25. Crude Oil is refined and used in other products –Heating Oil –Gasoline –Kerosene for Lamps Land Exploitation of Natural Resources

26. Lumber

27. Land Exploitation of Natural Resources Mining of Gold and Silver provided wealth for people to invest in business

28. Technological Innovations Inventors and Inventions Thousands of Inventions in the 19 th century helped to mechanize and improve manufacturing America moved from water and steam power to internal combustion engines and electricity

29. Technological Innovations Inventors and Inventions Patents- –provides an inventor with the exclusive right to manufacture the invented item Inventor can also sell the right to manufacture the item to someone else Gives an inventor an incentive to come up with a new invention

30. Alexander Graham Bell Telephone (1876)

31. Henry Bessemer –English businessman William Kelly –Kentucky businessman –Developed new way of making steel: The Bessemer Process Melt iron, add carbon, remove impurities

32. George Pullman Luxury Railroad

33. Thomas Alva Edison “Wizard of Menlo Park” – had more than 1000 patents

34. The Light Bulb

35. The Phonograph (1877)

36. The Motion Picture Camera

37. Thaddeus Lowe Refrigerated Rail Cars

38. The Airplane Wilbur Wright Orville Wright Kitty Hawk, NC – December 7, 1903

39. Sholes, Glidden, and Soule Typewriter

40. George Eastman Camera