2.2 Concentration and Solubility

Concentration and Solubility Dissolving one substance into another makes a solution. What are some examples of solutions?

Concentration and Solubility Dissolving one substance into another makes a solution. What are some examples of solutions? sugar and water salt and water iced tea orange juice from concentrate

Concentration and Solubility Dissolving one substance into another makes a solution. The substance that dissolves is called the solute. The substance that does the dissolving is called the solvent.

Concentration and Solubility The substance that dissolves is called the solute. The substance that does the dissolving is called the solvent. For example: when salt is dissolved in water, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent.

Concentration and Solubility The substance that dissolves is called the solute. The substance that does the dissolving is called the solvent. For example: when salt is dissolved in water, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent. What would be the solute and solvent in iced tea?

Measuring Concentration If a solution has a lot of solute we say it is concentrated. If a solution has less solute we say it is diluted. Scientifically the concentration of a solution tells you the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent. For example, a solution with 50g of solute dissolved in 100mL or water has a concentration of 50g/100mL of water.

Comparing Concentrations Demo.

Comparing Concentration A: 10 g in 50 mL B: 25 g in 100 mL C: 5 g in 10 mL

Comparing Concentration Concentration Worksheet!

Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions You can make a very diluted solution by adding a small amount of juice crystals to water. If you add more juice crystals, the solution becomes more concentrated. As long as the juice crystals keep dissolving, you have an unsaturated solution. UNSATURATED SOLUTION: more solute can dissolve

Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions If you keep adding juice crystals until no more would dissolve would make a saturated solution. SATURATED SOLUTION: no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature.

Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions UNSATURATED || SATURATED SOLUBILITY is the maximum amount of solute you can add to a fixed volume of solvent at a given temperature. Every solution has a SATURATION POINT at a given temperature. This occurs when no more solute can be dissolved in a fixed volume of solvent at that temperature.

Solubility The solubility of a solute is the maximum amount of that solute that you can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature. Different solutes have different solubilities.

Factors Affecting Solubility Type of solute and solvent Most common solvent is water. AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Factors Affecting Solubility Temperature For most common solid or liquid substances, solubility increases as the temperature of the solvent increases. For example, 25°C = 36.2g of salt in 100mL of water 100°C = 39.2g of salt in 100mL of water Gases are opposite! As the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas in a liquid solvent decreases.