The Endocrine System.

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Presentation transcript:

The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System

Function of the Endocrine System To regulate, coordinate and control your body functions using hormones. Examples of Body Functions: Growth Fertility Metabolism

What are Hormones? Chemical messengers Secreted (released) by Glands into bloodstream. Proteins with a specific shape.

Target Cells and Receptors All cells are exposed to hormones, but not all cells react. Target Cells – cells that have special receptors that the hormone fits in to, causing a response in that cell.

Target Cells and Receptors

endocrine system

Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain Hormones Secreted: Growth Stimulating Hormone- stimulates elongation of the bones. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- causes the thyroid to produce its hormone. Follicle Stimulating Hormone- stimulates development of testes and ovaries. MALFUNCTION: Gigantism- due to an oversecretion of growth hormone.

Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain

Gland: Thyroid Location: Neck Hormones Secreted: Thyroxin- regulates metabolism. MALFUNCTION: Goiter- enlargement of the thyroid gland due to a lack of iodine in the diet.

Gland: Parathyroid Location: In the Thyroid Hormone Secreted: Parathormone- regulates calcium metabolism which is necessary for nerve function, blood clotting and proper growth of teeth and bones.

Gland: Adrenals Location: On top of Kidneys Hormone secreted: Adrenalin- increases blood sugar level and accelerates heart and breathing rates during times of emergency. Fight or flight

Gland: Pancreas Hormones secreted: MALFUNCTION: Insulin- lowers blood sugar levels (excess glucose gets stored in the liver as glycogen). Glucagon- raises blood sugar levels (stimulates the release of sugar from the liver). MALFUNCTION: Diabetes- lack of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels.

Gland: Testes Hormone secreted: Testosterone- influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics.

Gland: Ovaries Hormones secreted: Estrogen- influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics. Progesterone- regulates the menstrual cycle.

Feedback Mechanism Negative feedback- A type of self-regulation, operates on the principal that the level of one hormone in the blood stimulates or inhibits the production of another hormone.